Table 1.
Demographics of the study subjects in three ethnic populations
| |
Chinese |
Malays |
Indians |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Variables |
Control |
CAD+ |
P |
Control |
CAD+ |
P |
Control |
CAD+ |
P |
| n = 383 | n = 442 | n =155 | n = 110 | n = 389 | n = 110 | ||||
| Age (years) |
42.74 ± 14.2 |
59.34 ± 8.9 |
<0.0005 |
40.66 ± 9.24 |
59.08 ± 9.18 |
<0.0005 |
42.43 ± 14.08 |
60.35 ± 10.25 |
<0.0005 |
| BMI (kg/m2) |
23 ± 3.61 |
24.24 ± 3.67 |
ns |
25.17 ± 4.06 |
26.14 ± 3.62 |
ns |
24.77 ± 4.8 |
24.9 ± 3.2 |
ns |
| Smokers* (%) |
17.4 |
52.9 |
<0.0005 |
52.7 |
49 |
ns |
13.6 |
43.8 |
<0.0005 |
| Sex (%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Female |
46.1 |
21.9 |
<0.0005 |
8.7 |
23.9 |
0.001 |
37.8 |
16.5 |
<0.0005 |
| Male |
53.9 |
78.1 |
|
91.3 |
76.1 |
|
62.2 |
83.5 |
|
| Dyslipidemia |
46.3% |
32.6% |
<0.0005 |
56.4% |
27.5% |
<0.0005 |
63.4% |
21.1% |
<0.0005 |
| Hypertension |
8.2% |
69.1% |
|
4.1% |
72.7% |
|
9.8% |
61.8% |
|
| Diabetes Mellitus |
2.7% |
43.3% |
|
3.4% |
62.6% |
|
6.4% |
61.8% |
|
| TC(mM) |
5.81±1.19 |
4.57±1.14 |
<0.0005 |
5.85±1.22 |
4.6±1.13 |
<0.0005 |
5.61±1.22 |
4.25±1.99 |
<0.0005 |
| HDL-C (mM) |
1.4 ± 0.4 |
0.97 ± 0.26 |
<0.0005 |
1.19 ± 0.27 |
0.91 ± 0.27 |
<0.0005 |
1.11 ± 0.32 |
0.88 ± 0.23 |
<0.0005 |
| LDL-C (mM) |
3.57 ± 1.17 |
2.78 ± 0.99 |
<0.0005 |
3.7 ± 1.23 |
2.89 ± 1.03 |
<0.0005 |
3.62 ± 1.15 |
2.58 ± 0.86 |
<0.0005 |
| TG (mM) |
1.84 ± 1.9 |
1.37 ± 0.66 |
0.008 |
2.09 ± 1.31 |
1.51 ± 0.68 |
0.014 |
1.93 ± 1.45 |
1.29 ± 0.63 |
<0.0005 |
| ApoA1 (mg/dl) |
144.4 ± 22.04 |
119.47 ± 20.5 |
<0.0005 |
129.29 ± 18.5 |
115.29 ± 20.8 |
<0.0005 |
135.85 ± 25.11 |
110.01 ± 19.8 |
<0.0005 |
| ApoB (mg/dl) |
106.2 ± 31.4 |
89.78 ± 22.6 |
<0.0005 |
121.36 ± 29 |
103.64 ± 28 |
<0.0005 |
122.87 ± 33.04 |
102.3 ± 26.5 |
<0.0005 |
| Lp(a) (mg/dl) | 16.90 ± 22.67 | 24.33 ± 27.38 | 0.007 | 14.66 ± 15.16 | 19.5 ± 16.28 | 0.032 | 21.9 ± 21.17 | 26.89 ± 11.4 | 0.038 |
Age, BMI and plasma lipid profiles are presented in mean ± SD. Continues and categorical data were tested using independent sample t-test and Chi-square test respectively.
TC, total cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; BMI, body mass index; Apo, Apolipoprotein; Lp(a), lipoprotein(a).
*Smokers and ex-smokers form one category while non-smokers constitute another.