Table 2.
Estimated Effects of CA Paid Family Leave on Leave-Taking
| Maternity Leave | Family Leave | Other Leave | Any Leave | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Treatment-on-the-Treated | ||||
| Estimated PFL Effect | 0.0632*** | 0.0645*** | −0.0085 | 0.0548** |
| (0.0126) | (0.0114) | (0.0088) | (0.0151) | |
| Intent-to-Treat | ||||
| Estimated PFL Effect | 0.0357*** | 0.0362*** | −0.0048 | 0.0308** |
| (0.0074) | (0.0070) | (0.0055) | (0.0092) | |
| Implied TOT from ITT estimate | [0.0598] | [0.0609] | [−0.0080] | [0.0518] |
Note: See note on Table 1. Each coefficient is from a separate regression, with standard errors in parentheses. The data come from the 1999–2010 March CPS surveys. The sample is limited to women in the adult civilian population aged 15–64 years who reside in California. The TOT sample is further limited to individuals who reported working any usual hours in the last year. The TOT sample size is 14,947, while the ITT sample size is 21,075. The implied TOT coefficient is calculated by dividing the ITT effect by the pre-PFL treatment group rate in previous year employment as measured by any usual hours worked (0.596). The treatment group consists of women with a youngest child aged <1 year in the household, while the comparison group consists of women with a youngest child aged 5−17 years (comparison group 1). All regressions include controls for age categories (<20, 20–29, 30–39, 40–49, 50–59, 60+), indicators for race/ethnicity (non-Hispanic white, black, Hispanic, other), indicators for marital status (married, divorced, separated, widowed, never-married), an indicator for being born in the US, and indicators for education categories (<HS, HS, some college, college+), and indicators for single years of youngest child's age. All regressions include dummies for the year of the survey. The estimated PFL effect is calculated using the Donald & Lang (2007) 2-step method. In the first step, each outcome is regressed on the full set of controls, survey year dummies, and the year dummies interacted with treatment status, with no constant. In the second step, the data are collapsed to 12 survey-year cells, and the coefficient on the interaction between treatment status and the year is regressed on an indicator for post-2004 in a regression that is weighted by the sum of the March CPS Supplement person weights in each year. The coefficient and corresponding standard error on the post-2004 indicator is reported here. Statistical significance is determined using the student t-distribution with 10 degrees of freedom. “Family leave” indicates being with a job but absent from work in the last week due to for vacation/personal days, child care problems, other family/personal obligations, maternity/paternity leave, or other reasons. “Other Leave” indicates being with a job but absent from work in the last week for any reason included in family leave, except maternity/paternity leave. “Any leave” indicates being with a job but absent from work in the last week for any reason. Significance levels:
p<0.10
p<0.05
p<0.001.