Table 4.
Effects of CA Paid Family Leave on Detailed Labor Force Status
| Outcomes: | On Leave | With Job and At Work | Not Employed |
|---|---|---|---|
| Comparison Group 1: Mothers of Youngest Children Aged 5–17 | |||
| Estimated PFL Effect | 0.0548** | −0.0373 | −0.0217 |
| (0.0151) | (0.0326) | (0.0291) | |
| Implied TOT from ITT estimate | [0.0518] | [−0.0271] | [−0.0281] |
| Comparison Group 2: Women with No Children | |||
| Estimated PFL Effect | 0.0537** | −0.0208 | −0.0399 |
| (0.0170) | (0.0331) | (0.0292) | |
| Implied TOT from ITT estimate | [0.0501] | [−0.0078] | [−0.0496] |
| Comparison Group 3: Mothers of Youngest Children Aged <1 Year in FL, NY, TX | |||
| Estimated PFL Effect | 0.0401 | −0.0233 | −0.0626 |
| (0.0248) | (0.0428) | (0.0443) | |
| Implied TOT from ITT estimate | [0.0362] | [−0.0213] | [−0.1057] |
| Comparison Group 4: Mothers of Youngest Children Aged <1 Year, All States Except CA | |||
| Estimated PFL Effect | 0.0222 | −0.0140 | −0.0163 |
| (0.0177) | (0.0355) | (0.0263) | |
| Implied TOT from ITT estimate | [0.0181] | [−0.0117] | [−0.0140] |
Note: See notes on Tables 1 through 3. Each panel reports the TOT coefficients and standard errors in the first two rows, and the ITT coefficients scaled by the pre-PFL treatment group rate in previous year employment as measured by any usual hours worked (0.596), in brackets in the 3rd row. Data sources, model specifications and estimation methods are the same as in Table 3. Labor force status refers to the previous week. “On Leave” includes being employed but absent from work for any reason. “Not Employed” includes both unemployed mothers as well as those who are not in the labor force. Sample sizes are 14,947, 22,511, 3,817 and 17,533 when using comparison groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively.