Table 3.
Odds ratios for the probability of being in the highest risk quartiles of the biomarker distributions: BMI, subjective health and other self-reported health measures (logistic regression models, both sexes combined)
| Cholesterol | HDL | Chol/HDL ratio | LDL | Creatinine | CRP | Albumin | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Model 1: Schooling |
|||||||
| No Schooling |
ref. |
ref. |
ref. |
ref. |
ref. |
ref. |
ref. |
| Primary Schooling |
1.04 |
1.08 |
1.33 |
1.13 |
1.14 |
1.27 |
0.91 |
| |
[0.70,1.55] |
[0.75,1.55] |
[0.91,1.95] |
[0.76,1.66] |
[0.75,1.72] |
[0.87,1.85] |
[0.63,1.31] |
| Secondary Schooling |
0.79 |
0.62 |
1.39 |
0.54 |
1.98 |
1.22 |
0.62 |
| |
[0.25,2.56] |
[0.25,1.50] |
[0.56,3.45] |
[0.15,1.94] |
[0.79,4.97] |
[0.50,2.97] |
[0.22,1.76] |
|
Model 2: Marital status |
|||||||
| Married (in 2008) |
1.11 |
0.80 |
0.94 |
1.08 |
0.99 |
0.65 + |
1.02 |
| |
[0.69,1.79] |
[0.52,1.22] |
[0.61,1.46] |
[0.68,1.72] |
[0.60,1.63] |
[0.42,1.01] |
[0.64,1.61] |
|
Model 3: Religion (major groups) |
|||||||
| Christian/Other/None |
ref. |
ref. |
ref. |
ref. |
ref. |
ref. |
ref. |
| Muslim |
1.18 |
0.89 |
0.95 |
1.07 |
0.68 + |
0.68 ∗ |
0.85 |
| |
[0.80,1.73] |
[0.63,1.24] |
[0.67,1.36] |
[0.74,1.55] |
[0.47,1.00] |
[0.48,0.95] |
[0.60,1.20] |
|
Model 4: Wealth (based on asset-based wealth tertiles) |
|||||||
| 1st (poorest) |
1.05 |
1.17 |
0.79 |
1.09 |
1.38 |
0.77 |
0.97 |
| |
[0.68,1.62] |
[0.79,1.72] |
[0.52,1.19] |
[0.71,1.67] |
[0.88,2.15] |
[0.52,1.16] |
[0.66,1.44] |
| 2nd (middle) |
ref. |
ref. |
ref. |
ref. |
ref. |
ref. |
ref. |
| 3th (wealthiest) |
1.08 |
1.25 |
1.15 |
1.30 |
1.49 + |
1.02 |
0.75 |
| |
[0.70,1.67] |
[0.85,1.85] |
[0.77,1.71] |
[0.86,1.99] |
[0.94,2.34] |
[0.68,1.52] |
[0.50,1.13] |
|
Model 5: Body mass index (BMI) (reference category: normal) | |||||||
| Underweight |
0.81 |
0.74 |
0.63 |
0.77 |
0.55 + |
0.69 |
1.42 |
| |
[0.45,1.46] |
[0.42,1.31] |
[0.34,1.16] |
[0.43,1.39] |
[0.28,1.06] |
[0.39,1.24] |
[0.85,2.36] |
| Normal |
ref. |
ref. |
ref. |
ref. |
ref. |
ref. |
ref. |
| Overwght/obese |
2.11 ∗ |
1.14 |
2.65 ∗∗ |
2.65 ∗∗ |
1.39 |
1.35 |
0.71 |
| |
[1.14,3.90] |
[0.59,2.18] |
[1.46,4.81] |
[1.46,4.81] |
[0.68,2.86] |
[0.69,2.62] |
[0.34,1.47] |
| BMI missing |
1.00 |
1.54 ∗ |
1.52 ∗ |
1.20 |
0.79 |
1.13 |
1.01 |
| [0.66,1.51] | [1.09,2.16] | [1.06,2.18] | [0.80,1.79] | [0.53,1.17] | [0.78,1.62] | [0.70,1.46] | |
p-values: + p<0.10, ∗p<0.05, ∗∗p<0.01. 95% Confidence intervals in parentheses. Models control for gender, age group (separate for males/females), and currently pregnant (females only).