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. 2013 Jul 4;9(7):e1003440. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003440

Figure 4. ADAR1 is a pro-viral host factor for influenza A virus replication.

Figure 4

(A) ADAR1 expression in A549 cells upon interferon treatment or H1N1 infection. A549 cells were incubated with indicated concentration of interferon-(IFN)-α2b or infected with influenza A virus and analysed 24 h later by western blot for expression of ADAR1 and actin that served as loading control. (B) Silencing of ADAR1 impairs viral protein expression. A549 cells were transfected with negative control siRNA (Ctrl) or two distinct siRNA targeting ADAR1 for 48 h and infected with A/H1N1/New Caledonia/2006 virus strain. ADAR1 and viral protein expression were assessed in cell lysates by western blot at indicated time points. (C) Silencing of ADAR1 reduces virus titers. Determination of NA in supernatants 8 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h post infection. Values are normalized to cells transfected with control siRNA.