Table 3.
Prevalence and 95% confidence intervals of the affirmative category of complications during delivery and in newborn collected by clinical examination
| No FGM/C
|
Type I FGM/C
|
Type II FGM/C
|
χ2 (P value) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | 95% CI | n | % | 95% CI | n | % | 95% CI | ||
| Delivery cases (n) | 94 | 205 | 82 | |||||||
| Complicationsa | 11 | 11.7 | 4.7–18.7 | 80 | 39.0 | 32.1–45.9 | 54 | 65.9 | 55.0–76.7 | 75.4 (<0.001) |
| Type of complication | ||||||||||
| Perineal teara | 9 | 9.6 | 3.1–16.1 | 57 | 27.8 | 21.4–34.2 | 40 | 48.8 | 37.4–60.2 | 51.6 (<0.001) |
| Prolonged labora | 8 | 8.5 | 2.3–14.7 | 32 | 15.6 | 10.4–20.8 | 30 | 36.6 | 25.6–47.6 | 53.5 (<0.001) |
| Need for episiotomya | 3 | 3.2 | 0.7–9.1 | 41 | 20.0 | 14.3–25.7 | 25 | 30.5 | 19.9–41.1 | 35.5 (<0.001) |
| Need for cesarean sectiona | 1 | 1.1 | 0.03–5.8 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.01–2.7 | 5 | 6.1 | 2.0–13.7 | 12.0 (0.003) |
| Fresh stillbirtha | 0 | 0 | 0–3.9 | 6 | 2.9 | 0.4–5.5 | 5 | 6.1 | 2.7–16.8 | 17.8 (<0.001) |
| Neonatal complications (n)a | 5 | 5.3 | 1.8–12.0 | 32 | 15.6 | 10.4–20.8 | 31 | 37.8 | 26.7–48.9 | 44.5 (<0.001) |
| Fetal distressa | 3 | 3.2 | 0.7–9.1 | 18 | 8.8 | 4.7–12.9 | 22 | 26.8 | 16.6–37.0 | 31.6 (<0.001) |
| Caput of fetal heada | 1 | 1.1 | 0.03–5.8 | 30 | 14.6 | 9.6–19.7 | 28 | 34.2 | 23.3–45.0 | 46.8 (<0.001) |
Notes:
a
Of total number of deliveries for each group (no FGM/C, type I FGM/C, type II FGM/C).
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; FGM/C, female genital mutilation/cutting.