Figure 3.
Influence of altered expression of FOXM1 isoforms on pancreatic tumor growth and metastasis. A, PANC-1 and BxPC-3 cells were transfected with the expression vectors for FOXM1a, FOXM1b, and FOXM1c. Successful transfection was confirmed using a TOP reporter activity assay and Western blot analysis. B, PANC-1 and AsPC-1 cells were transfected with si-FOXM1 or with FOXM1a or FOXM1c siRNA; nontargeting siRNA (si-Control) was used as a control. Successful transfection was confirmed using a TOP reporter activity assay and Western blot analysis (image 1) and qPCR analysis with isoform-specific primers (image 2). C, orthotopic growth of PANC-1 cells with increased expression of FOXM1a, FOXM1b, or FOXM1c in pancreas (image 1) and an experimental hepatic metastasis (image 2). D, orthotopic growth of BxPC-3 cells with increased expression of FOXM1a, FOXM1b, or FOXM1c in pancreas (image 1) and an experimental hepatic metastasis (image 2). E, orthotopic growth of AsPC-1 cells with decreased expression of FOXM1 or FOXM1c in pancreas (image 1) and an experimental hepatic metastasis (image 2). F, orthotopic growth of PANC-1 cells with decreased expression of FOXM1 or FOXM1c in pancreas (image 1) and an experimental hepatic metastasis (image 2).