The dose effect of BN52021 on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation was determined by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide method and Hoechst 33342/propidium iodide staining. MS1 cell activity at A490 nm was significantly decreased 24 h after administration of 10 μg/mL lipopolysaccharide (LPS) vs the control group (aP < 0.05). Pretreatment with BN52021 for 20 min before incubation with LPS significantly improved the MS1 cell activity at A490 nm
vs the group that received LPS treatment only when its concentration reached 50 μmol/L (cP < 0.05) (A). Pretreatment with 50 μmol/L BN52021 for 20 min before incubation with LPS significantly improved MS1 cell activity vs the LPS + saline group, and the LPS + dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) group as determined Hoechst 33342/propidium iodide staining (B, C, D and E). The arrows indicate the apoptosis (short) and necrosis (long) of the cells.