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(b) Other exposures
| Cause of death | Air pollution | Active smoking | Passive smoking | Alcohol | Socioeconomic status |
Occupation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All ages | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Malignant neoplasms of trachea, bronchus, and lung | S | S | S | I | S | S |
| Malignant neoplasms of pleura | L | S | ||||
| Diseases of the respiratory system | L onset/S wors | S onset/wors | L onset/wors | S | L | S |
| Asthma | L onset/S wors | S onset/wors | L onset/wors | L | L | S |
|
| ||||||
| Up to 14 years old | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Asthma | S onset/wors | L | ||||
