Table 1.

Sample Statistics for County-Level Variables

Variables	Non-Appalachian Region	Appalachian Region	Moran's I‡
Number of counties	66	54
Cancer diagnosis and care receipt
% of cases diagnosed at stage II among early- stage breast cancer patients	42.2 (0.8)	46.9*** (0.8)	0.1194†
% Receiving BCS without radiation therapy	29.0 (0.5)	42.5*** (0.9)	0.5893†
Cancer care resources
Radiation oncologists per 100,000 residents	1.6 (1.58)	0.5* (1.1)	−0.0223
Surgeons per 100,000 residents	60.5 (45.30)	23.4*** (24.6)	−0.0853
Hospitals with radiation therapy facilities per 100,000 residents	0.6 (0.58)	0.3*** (0.7)	−0.0013
Hospitals with oncology services per 100,000 residents	1.3 (1.01)	0.8 (1.3)	−0.0896
Other county-level characteristics
% in poverty	11.1 (2.5)	20.9*** (5.2)	0.7610†
Medicare HMO penetration rate	6.3 (7.51)	3.0** (4.1)	0.4343†
% counties not containing an interstate highway	53.0 (6.14)	77.8** (5.7)	N/A

Note. Values are means/percentages (standard errors). The p-values refer to t-test or chi-square comparisons of Appalachian counties versus non-Appalachian counties.

*p < .05; **p < .01; ***p < .001.

^†Moran's I is significant.

^‡Values nearer −1 indicate spatial dispersion, those near +1 suggest spatial clustering, and values close to 0 indicate a random spatial pattern.