Table 2.

Predictors of Rates of Breast-Conserving Surgery without Radiation Therapy (N = 120)

Variables	OLS Model	Spatial Lag Model
Spatially lagged rate of BCS without radiation		0.71*** (0.07)
Constant	36.94*** (10.54)	12.51 (7.81)
Appalachian status	7.40** (2.35)	2.26 (1.92)
Radiation oncologists per 100,000 residents	2.74 (2.35)	2.59 (1.66)
Hospitals with radiation therapy facilities per 100,000 residents	−16.06*** (3.87)	−8.70** (2.76)
Surgeons per 100,000 residents	0.19 (0.10)	0.03 (0.07)
Hospitals with oncology services per 100,000 residents	0.17 (1.29)	0.03 (0.92)
% of cases diagnosed at stage II among early stage breast cancer patients	0.16 (0.18)	−0.05 (0.13)
% in poverty	−0.27 (0.73)	0.03 (0.30)
Medicare HMO penetration rate	−0.72 (0.40)	−0.16 (0.28)
% counties not containing an interstate highway	−5.82 (3.88)	−1.48 (2.75)
R-squared (adjusted R-squared)	0.29 (0.23)
Multicollinearity condition number	17.90
AIC	1039.90	985.59
Log likelihood	−509.95	−481.79
Schwarz criterion	1067.77	1016.25
Diagnostics for spatial dependence
Lagrange multiplier (lag)	63.75***
Robust LM (lag)	21.63***
Lagrange multiplier (error)	46.04***
Robust LM (error)	3.91*
Likelihood ratio test for spatial dependence		56.31***

Note. Values are coefficients (Std. error).

*p < .05; **p < .01; ***p < .001.