Table 3.
Effects of OPRM1 and DRD4 Genotypes on Subjective Responses to Alcohol1
| OPRM1 | DRD4 | |||||
| Model and Predictor Variables |
Parameter Estimate (SE) |
Z | p |
Parameter Estimate (SE) |
Z | p |
| Vigor | ||||||
| Genotype2 | 1.06 (0.51) | 2.07 | < .05 | −0.34 (0.45) | −0.73 | .47 |
| eBAC | 11.76 (6.33) | 1.86 | .06 | −6.08 (8.16) | −0.74 | .46 |
| Genotype × eBAC | −41.87 (9.94) | −4.21 | < .0001 | 8.08 (11.33) | 0.71 | .48 |
| BA Vigor | 0.49 (0.07) | 7.11 | < .0001 | 0.52 (0.07) | 7.40 | < .0001 |
| Gender | −0.27 (0.40) | −0.69 | .49 | −0.04 (0.41) | −0.11 | .91 |
| Negative Mood | ||||||
| Genotype3 | −0.83 (0.32) | −2.61 | < .01 | 0.46 (0.41) | 1.13 | .26 |
| eBAC | −5.20 (4.56) | −1.14 | .26 | 7.84 (9.39) | 0.83 | .40 |
| Genotype × eBAC | 22.46 (6.03) | 3.73 | < .001 | −25.21 (12.32) | −2.05 | < .05 |
| BA Neg Mood | 0.59 (0.07) | 7.93 | < .0001 | 0.61 (0.07) | 8.44 | < .0001 |
| Gender | −0.05 (0.25) | −0.18 | .86 | 0.04 (0.24) | 0.16 | .87 |
| Urge to Drink | ||||||
| Genotype4 | 0.37 (0.50) | 0.73 | .46 | 0.89 (0.43) | 2.07 | < .05 |
| eBAC | −1.47 (6.01) | −0.24 | .81 | 9.56 (6.10) | 1.57 | .12 |
| Genotype × eBAC | 0.25 (13.88) | 0.02 | .99 | −22.04 (10.73) | −2.05 | < .05 |
| BA Urge | 0.47 (0.06) | 7.51 | < .0001 | 0.48 (0.06) | 7.41 | < .0001 |
| Gender | 0.35 (0.32) | 1.09 | .28 | 0.14 (0.27) | 0.53 | .59 |
1
BA = baseline scores before each drinking episode (i.e., Begin Drink Report), a time-varying covariate in all the models presented above. Also, please note that apparent discrepancies between the means reported in Table 2 and the results reported in Table 3 are due to the fact that Begin Drink Report is the point of reference for Table 2 whereas the GEE models use End Drink Report Data only, with baseline data as covariates.
2
Carriers of the Asp40 allele scored higher than homozygotes for the Asn40 allele
3
Carriers of the Asp40 allele scored lower than homozygotes for the Asn40 allele
4
Carriers of the long allele scored higher than homozygotes for the short allele