Fig. 8.

Model of the multiple molecular mechanisms F. tularensis LVS may utilize to inhibit human neutrophil apoptosis. LVS modulates expression of genes that can downregulate the extrinsic (death -receptor) and intrinsic (mitochondrial) apoptotic pathways, and upregulate expression of NFĸB-dependent cell survival genes. At the same time, blockade of NADPH oxidase activity at the F. tularensis phagosome and downregulation of BAX prevent induction of the ROS-dependent PICD pathway. Where protein and gene names differ, gene names are shown in parentheses.