Table 2.
Age-adjusted and multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios and 95 % confidence intervals for squamous cell carcinoma by BMI
| Characteristics | BMI
|
p value for trend | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 18.5–24.9 | 25.0–29.9 | 30–34.9 | 35+ | ||
| Squamous cell carcinoma—updated BMIa | |||||
| NHS, age-adjusted | 1.0 | 0.79 (0.70, 0.91) | 0.62 (0.51, 0.76) | 0.54 (0.40, 0.73) | <0.0001 |
| NHS, multivariate-adjustedb | 1.0 | 0.80 (0.70, 0.91) | 0.65 (0.53, 0.80) | 0.59 (0.43, 0.80) | <0.0001 |
| HPFS, age-adjusted | 1.0 | 0.97 (0.84, 1.13) | 0.78 (0.59, 1.02) | 0.92 (0.56, 1.52) | 0.19 |
| HPFS, multivariate-adjustedb | 1.0 | 1.00 (0.86, 1.16) | 0.82 (0.62, 1.08) | 1.07 (0.64, 1.78) | 0.44 |
| Combined, age-adjustedb,c | 1.0 | 0.94 (0.85, 1.03) | 0.66 (0.56, 0.78) | 0.56 (0.44, 0.73) | <0.0001 |
| Combined, multivariate-adjustedb,c | 1.0 | 0.86 (0.78, 0.94) | 0.68 (0.57, 0.80) | 0.63 (0.48, 0.82) | <0.0001 |
| Combined no. of cases | 956 | 733 | 178 | 40 | |
| Squamous cell carcinoma—BMI 10 years prior to diagnosis | |||||
| NHS, age-adjusted | 1.0 | 0.78 (0.67, 0.89) | 0.64 (0.51, 0.81) | 0.43 (0.29, 0.64) | <0.0001 |
| NHS, multivariate-adjustedb | 1.0 | 0.77 (0.67, 0.89) | 0.65 (0.52, 0.82) | 0.44 (0.29, 0.66) | <0.0001 |
| HPFS, age-adjusted | 1.0 | 0.89 (0.74, 1.07) | 0.80 (0.56, 1.15) | 0.63 (0.26, 1.53) | 0.02 |
| HPFS, multivariate-adjustedb | 1.0 | 0.93 (0.77, 1.12) | 0.84 (0.58, 1.22) | 0.75 (0.30, 1.83) | 0.07 |
| Combined, age-adjustedb,c | 1.0 | 0.88 (0.79, 0.98) | 0.68 (0.56, 0.82) | 0.42 (0.29, 0.61) | <0.0001 |
| Combined, multivariate-adjustedb,c | 1.0 | 0.82 (0.73, 0.91) | 0.69 (0.57, 0.84) | 0.48 (0.33, 0.69) | <0.0001 |
| Combined no. of cases | 881 | 500 | 180 | 30 | |
| Squamous cell carcinoma—baseline BMId | |||||
| NHS, age-adjusted | 1.0 | 0.63 (0.53, 0.74) | 0.53 (0.39, 0.72) | 0.60 (0.37, 0.97) | <.0001 |
| NHS, multivariate-adjustedb | 1.0 | 0.67 (0.57, 0.79) | 0.60 (0.44, 0.82) | 0.68 (0.42, 1.11) | <.0001 |
| HPFS, age-adjusted | 1.0 | 0.86 (0.74, 1.00) | 0.87 (0.65, 1.17) | 0.30 (0.10, 0.93) | 0.017 |
| HPFS, multivariate-adjustedb | 1.0 | 0.88 (0.76, 1.02) | 0.95 (0.70, 1.28) | 0.37 (0.12, 1.15) | 0.088 |
| Combined, age-adjustedb,c | 1.0 | 0.90 (0.81, 1.00 | 0.73 (0.59, 0.90) | 0.52(0.33, 0.80) | 0.0003 |
| Combined, multivariate-adjustedb,c | 1.0 | 0.75 (0.67, 0.83) | 0.71 (0.58, 0.88) | 0.56 (0.36, 0.88) | <.0001 |
| Combined no. of cases | 1,254 | 509 | 95 | 20 | |
a
BMI measured one follow-up cycle prior to the diagnosis of skin cancer
b
Multivariate-adjusted for sunburn reaction, family history of melanoma, number of severe sunburns, number of moles, hair color, sun exposure at different age intervals, UV index at residence at different ages, physical activity (quintiles), and history of cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, and cancer
c
The combined analysis of the two cohorts additionally controlling for gender
d
BMI measured from baseline questionnaire (1976 for NHS, 1986 HPFS)