Table 2.

Five-year hazard ratios and absolute risks of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, depending on cardiovascular history adjusted for sex (n = 570)

			CVD history			p for trend	HR major versus minor
			None (n = 270)	Minor (n = 128)	Major (n = 172)
Morbidity and mortality	Fatal and nonfatal MI	HR	1	1.7 (0.9–3.1)	2.6 (1.6–4.5)	0.001	1.8 (0.97–3.2)
		No. of events	25 (9.3)	17 (13.3)	34 (19.8)
		Incidence rate	23 (15–33)	37 (23–58)	65 (47–90)
	Fatal and nonfatal stroke	HR	1	1.7 (0.9–3.2)	3.4 (2.0–5.8)	<0.001	2.0 (1.1–3.6)
		No. of events	23 (8.5)	16 (12.5)	37 (21.5)
		Incidence rate	20 (14–30)	35 (21–56)	69 (51–94)
	CV events or CV mortalitya	HR	1	1.6 (1.1–2.4)	2.7 (2.0–3.9)	<0.001	1.8 (1.2–2.7)
		No. of events	61 (22.6)	39 (30.5)	81 (47.1)
		Incident rate	56 (44–72)	88 (65–118)	164 (144–199)
Mortality	Cardiovascular	HR	1	2.0 (1.1–3.4)	3.7 (2.3–5.8)	<0.001	1.9 (1.2–3.1)
		No. of events	29 (10.7)	23 (18.0)	54 (31.4)
		Incidence rate	25 (18–36)	48 (32–71)	95 (74–122)
	Noncardiovascular	HR	1	1.5 (1.03–2.3)	1.7 (1.2–2.5)	0.001	1.1 (0.7–1.7)
		No. of events	66 (24.4)	40 (31.3)	55 (32.0)
		Incidence rate	57 (54–72)	83 (62–111)	97 (75–124)
	All-cause	HR	1	1.7 (1.2–2.3)	2.3 (1.7–3.1)	<0.001	1.4 (1.02–1.9)
		No. of events	95 (35.2)	63 (49.2)	109 (63.4)
		Incidence rate	82 (68–100)	131 (104–164)	193 (162–227)

Data are presented as HR with corresponding 95 % CIs, absolute numbers of events (%), and incidence rates as number of incidents per 1,000 person-years at risk with corresponding 95 % CIs

CVD cardiovascular disease, No CVD participants with no history of CVD, Minor CVD participants with a history of angina, TIA, intermittent claudication, or heart failure, Major CVD participants with a history of MI, stroke, or surgery for arterial disease (aorta, carotid, coronary, or peripheral arteries)

^aComposite endpoint: fatal and nonfatal MI, fatal and nonfatal stroke, and cardiovascular mortality