Table 1.
Recommended serum calcium, albumin-corrected calcium, phosphorus, and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels in patients undergoing dialysis according to different professional organizations, and the lowest mortality risk categories observed in the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Pattern Study (DOPPS).
| Organization | Year | Recommended serum level | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Calcium (mg/dL) | Albumin-corrected calcium (mg/dL) | Phosphorus (mg/dL) | PTH (pg/mL) | ||
| ERA-EDTA [20] | 2000 | 8.8–11.0 | - | 2.4–4.6 | 85–170 |
| UK Renal Association [21] | 2002 | - | 8.8–10.4 | <5.6 | <4× upper normal range |
| National Kidney Foundation [22] | 2003 | - | 8.4–9.5 | 3.5–5.5 | 150–300 |
| Canadian Society of Nephrology [23] | 2006 | Within normal range | Within normal range | Within normal range | 100–500 |
| Australian and New Zealand Society of Nephrology [24] | 2006 | - | 8.4–9.5 | 2.5–5.5 | 1–3× upper normal range |
| DOPPS-derived lowest risk category [25] | 2008 | 8.6–10.0 | 7.6–9.5 * | 3.6–5.0 ** | 101–600 *** |
| Japanese Societ for Dialysis Therapy [26] | 2008 | - | 8.4–10.0 | 3.5–6.0 | 60–240 |
| KDIGO [27] | 2009 | - | Within normal range | Within normal range | 2–9× upper normal range |
ERA-EDTA, European Renal Association-European Dialysis and Transplant Association; DOPPS, Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study; JSDT, Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy; KDIGO, Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes; * at 9.6 to 10.0 mg/dL, the risk of mortality increased, but did not achieve statistical significance; ** at 5.1 to 6.0 mg/day, only cardiovascular mortality significantly increased; *** at 100 pg/mL or less and 301 to 600 pg/mL, the risk of mortality increased, but did not achieve statistical significance; - means “not available (N/A)” or “not described”.