Table 1.
Subject Characteristics Stratified by Cognitive Function
| Cognitive function | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| All patients (n=694) |
Unimpaired (n=587) |
Impaired (n=107) |
P | |
| Age, yrs | 50.0±12.9 | 50.3±12.6 | 48.4±14.5 | 0.061 |
| Female, n (%) | 640 (92.2) | 542 (92.3) | 98 (91.6) | 0.791 |
| Education, n (%) | ||||
| high-school or less | 114 (16.4) | 77 (13.1) | 37 (34.6) | 0.000 |
| some college | 282 (40.6) | 230 (39.2) | 52 (48.6) | |
| college graduate | 173 (24.9) | 160 (27.3) | 13 (12.1) | |
| post-graduate (ref.) | 125 (18) | 120 (20.4) | 5 (4.7) | |
| Below poverty, n (%) | 96 (13.8) | 64 (10.9) | 32 (29.9) | 0.000 |
| Depression, n (%) | 129 (18.6) | 79 (13.5) | 50 (46.7) | 0.000 |
| Disease Activity (SLAQ) | 11.4±7.8 | 10.6±7.4 | 15.6±8.7 | 0.025 |
| Disease Duration, yrs | 17.1±8.6 | 17.4±8.6 | 15.7±8.5 | 0.866 |
| Antiphospholipid antibodies, n (%) |
274 (39.5) | 217 (37) | 57 (53.3) | 0.002 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 401 (57.8) | 325 (55.4) | 76 (71) | 0.003 |
| Hyperlipidemia, n (%) | 276 (39.8) | 233 (39.7) | 43 (40.2) | 0.924 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 77 (11.1) | 59 (10.1) | 18 (16.8) | 0.040 |
| Obese, n (%) | 189 (27.2) | 153 (26.1) | 36 (33.6) | 0.105 |
| Current smoking, n (%) | 61 (8.8) | 43 (7.3) | 18 (16.8) | 0.001 |
| Myocardial Infarction, n (%) |
46 (6.6) | 37 (6.3) | 9 (8.4) | 0.420 |
| Stroke, n (%) | 71 (10.2) | 50 (8.5) | 21 (19.6) | 0.000 |
All variables are self-reported with the exception of presence of antiphospholipid antibodies and disease duration which were collected from chart review. SLAQ = Systemic Lupus Activity Questionnaire.