Table 1.
Characteristics of xanthelasma cases and controls.
| Variables | Case (n = 61) | % | Control (n = 130) | % |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (yrs) | ||||
| ≤40 | 6 | 9.8 | ||
| 40–60 | 45 | 73.77 | ||
| >60 | 10 | 16.39 | ||
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 34 | 55.7 | 77 | 59.2 |
| Female | 27 | 44.3 | 53 | 40.8 |
| Ethnicity | ||||
| Hindu | 50 | 81.97 | 87 | 66.9 |
| Muslim | 11 | 18.03 | 38 | 29.2 |
| Sikh | 0 | 0 | 5 | 3.8 |
| Tobacco | ||||
| Smoking | 13 | 21.3 | 21 | 16.15 |
| Oral Tobacco | 8 | 13.1 | 6 | 4.6 |
| Both | 3 | 4.9 | 5 | 3.85 |
| Pattern | ||||
| Unilateral | 15 | 24.6 | ||
| Bilateral (2 eyelids) | 30 | 49.18 | ||
| 3 eyelids | 06 | 9.8 | ||
| 4 eyelids | 10 | 16.14 | ||
| Associated | ||||
| Dyslipidemia | 12 (n = 20) | 60 | 28 (n = 49) | 57.14 |
| Conditions | ||||
| Hypertension | 23 (n = 61) | 37.7 | 14 (n = 115) | 12.17 |
| Diabetes | 11 (n = 61) | 18.03 | 3 (n = 130) | 2.3 |
| CAD | 04 (n = 61) | 6.56 | 0 | 0 |
| Prehypertension | 05 (n = 57) | 8.77 | 17 (n = 115) | 14.78 |
| Prediabetes | 05 (n = 19) | 26.3 | 12 (n = 45) | 26.67 |
|
| ||||
| XP with smoking: HTN (n = 7; 43.8%) | ||||
| XP without smoking: HTN (n = 16; 35.6%) | ||||
|
| ||||
| XP with obesity: HTN (n = 7; 40%) | ||||
| XP without obesity: HTN (n = 2; 12.5%) | ||||
XP: xanthelasma palpebrarum; CAD: coronary artery disease; HTN: hypertension.