Official websites use .gov
A
.gov website belongs to an official
government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you've safely
connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive
information only on official, secure websites.
Adaptive Immunity Changes in Severe Sepsis and Trauma
| Adaptive Immune Changes | Reference(s) |
|---|---|
| Increased Tregs | (75) |
| T cell anergy | (27,38) |
| T cell polarization-shift from TH1 to TH2 phenotype | (51) |
Macrophage Paralysis
|
(53,54) |
| Apoptosis induced lymphocyte depletion | (59) |
| Suppressed T cell proliferation | (73) |
| Up-regulation of PDL-1, BTLA, CTLA, HVEM | (17, 66, 67, 68) |
