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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Addict Behav. 2013 Apr 3;38(8):2409–2413. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2013.03.019

Table 1.

Characteristics of Participants and Scores on Smoking Measures

Mean (S.D.) or n (%)
Demographics
Age 37.8 (9.9) (range = 19–62)
Education 12.1 (2.1) (range = 5–18)
Male 204 (67%)
White 262 (86%)
Black 29 (3%)
American Indian 8 (3%)
Asian or mixed race 6 (2%)
Hispanic 25 (8%)
Married or living together 35 (12%)
Employed full or part time 9 (3%)
Alcohol use diagnosis Dependence 68%; abuse 8%
Drug use diagnosis Dependence 77%; abuse 3%
Smoking History, Rate and Dependence
Cigarettes per day 19.9 (7.1)
Cigarette Dependence Scale – 12 item 52.2 (5.7)
Cigarette Dependence Scale – 5 item 20.1 (2.5)
FTND score 6.0 (1.9)
Years smoked regularly 21.4 (10.3)
Minutes to first cigarette of day 17.6 (22.1) (median = 8.0)
Number of times quit 24 hours or more 2.6 (10.6) (median = 1.0)
Contemplation Ladder 5.4 (1.6)
Percentage (out of n = 305) with biochemically verified 7-day abstinence at outcome
At 7 days 94 (31%)
At 14 days 110 (36%)
At 30 days 27 (9%)

Note: When distribution is significantly skewed, median is provided as additional information.

FTND = Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence total score