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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Jul 9.
Published in final edited form as: Chemistry. 2011 May 26;17(28):7890–7903. doi: 10.1002/chem.201003489

Table 3.

Selected optimization studies for Pd-catalyzed carbonylative lactamization

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Entry Substrate Pd Source Solvent Ligand Base Yielda
1 27a Pd[PPh3]4 THF PPh3 Et3N 36%
2 27a Pd[PPh3]4 THF PPh3 iPr2NEt 36%
27a PdCl2[PPh3]2 DMAb none Et3N 41%
4 27a PdCl2 [PPh3]2 DMAc none Et3N 78%
5 27b PdCl2[PPh3]2 DMAc none Et3N 66%
6 27c PdCl2[PPh3]2 DMAc none Et3N 64%
a

Isolated yield.

b

0.01M

c

0.03M