Table 1.
Clinical characteristics, blood tests and cardiovascular assessment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and controls
|
Parameters |
T2DM |
Controls |
P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 100) | (n = 150) | ||
| Age, years |
62±10 |
60±9 |
0.20 |
| Female, % (n) |
53 (53) |
51(77) |
0.90 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg |
138±19 |
121±19 |
<0.01 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg |
77±9 |
74±9 |
0.01 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 |
25.5±4.2 |
23.5±3.4 |
<0.01 |
|
Medical history | |||
| Current smoker, % (n) |
26 (26) |
18 (27) |
0.16 |
| Hypertension, % (n) |
61 (61) |
11 (17) |
<0.01 |
| Hypercholesterolemia, % (n) |
60 (60) |
27 (40) |
<0.01 |
|
Serum lipid profile, renal function and inflammatory marker | |||
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L |
4.9±0.9 |
5.1±0.8 |
0.15 |
| Triglycerides, mmol/L |
1.5±0.8 |
1.3±0.7 |
0.03 |
| High density lipoprotein, mmol/L |
1.4±0.4 |
1.5±0.4 |
<0.01 |
| Low density lipoprotein, mmol/L |
2.8±0.7 |
3.0±0.7 |
0.10 |
| Creatinine, μmol/l |
80±23 |
75±15 |
0.03 |
| Fasting glucose, mmol/L |
7.4±2.1 |
5.0±0.5 |
<0.01 |
| HbA1c, % |
7.6±1.2 |
5.9±0.4 |
<0.01 |
| hs-CRP, mg/L |
2.3±5.3 |
2.3±5.2 |
0.98 |
| hs-TnI, μg/L |
5.7±9.2 |
3.2±1.9 |
<0.01 |
| Elevated hs-TnI, %(n) |
10 (10) |
1 (1) |
<0.01 |
|
Cardiovascular assessment |
|
|
|
| ba-PWV, ms-1 |
17.98±3.91 |
15.70±2.96 |
<0.01 |
| Brachial FMD, % |
2.6±3.5 |
5.5±4.2 |
<0.01 |
| Carotid IMT, mm | 0.96±0.20 | 0.86±0.14 | <0.01 |
Abbreviations: ba-PWV brachial ankle pulse wave velocity, FMD flow mediated dilatation, hs-CRP high sensitivity C-reactive protein, hs-TnI high sensitivity Troponin I, IMT intima media thickness.