Table 2.

Six C’s of orthopaedic surgical safety

Element	Description
1. Communication	Efficient and reliable surgical team communication
2. Consent	Accurate, timely, and fully informed surgical consent
3. Checklists	Consistent use of evidence- or best-practice-based surgical workflows
4. Confirmation	Redundant confirmation of proper surgical site, side, level, implant, procedure, and patient
5. Concentration	Maintenance of a focused and distraction-free surgical environment
6. Collection	Regular collection and analysis of surgical performance and outcome data