Figure 4.
Urinary cytokine levels in mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-treated cats. Pilot study 1 (A,B): cats received 2 × 106 cryopreserved aMSCs intravenously every other week for three injections. (A) Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1):urine creatinine ratio throughout the study. There was a statistically significant decrease in MCP-1 (P = 0.0001). (B) Interleukin 8 (IL-8):urine creatinine ratio throughout the study. There was a statistically significant decrease in IL-8 (P = 0.01). Pilot study 2 (C-E): cats received 4 × 106 cryopreserved aMSCs intravenously every other week for three injections. Cytokine:urine creatinine ratio data throughout the study for (C) MCP-1, (D) IL-8, (E) transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and (F) vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). There was no statistically significant change in urinary cytokines in pilot study 2. Pilot study 3 (G-I): cats received 4 × 106 aMSCs cultured from cryopreserved adipose intravenously every other week for three injections. Cytokine:urine creatinine ratio data throughout the study for (G) IL-8, (H) TGF-β1 and (I) VEGF. There was no statistically significant change in urinary cytokines in pilot study 3.