TABLE 3.

Fixed Effect Poisson Models of the Influence of Indirect Exposure to Violence on Wave 3 Frequency of Binge Drinking (Standard Errors in Parentheses)^a

	Males			Females
	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3
Intercept	−1.08**	−1.47**	−1.42**	−1.92**	−2.21**	−2.44**
	(0.11)	(0.14)	(0.15)	(0.16)	(0.19)	(0.20)
Independent variables
Indirect exposure	1.27**	0.71**	0.05	1.02**	0.81**	0.55*
	(0.25)	(0.17)	(0.17)	(0.26)	(0.23)	(0.23)
Control variables
Age	—	0.45**	0.23**	—	0.31**	0.07
		(0.03)	(0.04)		(0.05)	(0.06)
Household salary	—	0.13**	0.05	—	0.15**	0.22**
		(0.03)	(0.03)		(0.04)	(0.05)
African American	—	0.52	0.53	—	−0.30	−1.32*
		(0.27)	(0.37)		(0.49)	(0.54)
Hispanic	—	0.85**	1.12**	—	−0.34	−0.22
		(0.25)	(0.39)		(0.35)	(0.37)
Other race/ethnicity	—	0.66*	0.87*	—	−0.08	−0.66
		(0.32)	(0.45)		(0.42)	(0.39)
Low self-control	—	—	0.07	—	—	0.13
			(0.08)			(0.15)
Availability of drugs	—	—	0.40**	—	—	0.02
			(0.13)			(0.17)
Peer substance use	—	—	0.27*	—	—	0.50**
			(0.12)			(0.16)
Parental problem   drinking	—	—	0.17	—	—	20.04
			(0.23)			(0.53)
Curfew	—	—	0.11	—	—	0.09
			(0.12)			(0.21)
Prior binge drinking	—	—	0.62*	—	—	1.96**
			(0.26)			(0.26)
χ2	145.29	256.21	267.37	119.62	175.56	292.71

^aBased on 796 males and 819 females.

^*p ≤ .05.

^**p ≤ .01.