Total sleep duration per day in the control and sleep-deprived groups during the acclimation, experimental, and recovery periods. Subjects randomized to the sleep-restriction group were allowed only two-thirds their normal time in bed. Total sleep duration per day in the control and sleep-deprived groups during the acclimation, experimental, and recovery periods averaged 405 and 372 min, 417 and 312 min, and 408 and 465 min, respectively. Error bars represent SDs.