TABLE 2.
STAGE I SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS ASSOCIATED WITH ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME
| SNP | Gene | HWE P Value | ARDS MAF | No ARDS MAF | OR (95% CI) | P Value | Function |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rs10779329C |
TGFB2 |
0.84 |
0.10 |
0.27 |
0.30 (0.16–0.55) |
1.1 × 10−4 |
Intron |
| rs2494283T |
CHIT1 |
0.17 |
0.17 |
0.04 |
4.27 (2.03–9.00) |
1.3 × 10−4 |
Promoter |
| rs380092T |
IL1RN |
0.21 |
0.19 |
0.38 |
0.38 (0.23–0.63) |
1.4 × 10−4 |
Intron |
| rs28365063G |
UGT2B7 |
0.10 |
0.27 |
0.12 |
3.01 (1.70–5.35) |
1.6 × 10−4 |
Syn coding |
| rs2124458C |
CBS |
0.026 |
0.23 |
0.43 |
0.42 (0.27–0.66) |
1.8 × 10−4 |
Intron |
| rs315952C |
IL1RN |
0.61 |
0.17 |
0.34 |
0.37 (0.22–0.62) |
1.9 × 10−4 |
Syn coding |
| rs17624740C |
GPR98 |
1.0 |
0.17 |
0.06 |
3.80 (1.88–7.77) |
2.2 × 10−4 |
Intron |
| rs379863C |
ADA |
0.81 |
0.28 |
0.13 |
2.70 (1.59–4.67) |
2.7 × 10−4 |
Intron |
| rs8072266C |
FZD2 |
0.067 |
0.12 |
0.01 |
10.3 (2.91–36.8) |
3.1 × 10−4 |
3′ UTR |
| rs7865617T |
VLDLR |
0.84 |
0.12 |
0.27 |
0.34 (0.19–0.62) |
4.1 × 10−4 |
Intron |
| rs6145T |
VLDLR |
1.0 |
0.12 |
0.27 |
0.35 (0.19–0.63) |
4.9 × 10−4 |
Intron |
| rs7571879T | EPAS1 | 0.56 | 0.13 | 0.03 | 4.82 (1.99–11.7) | 4.9 × 10−4 | Intron |
Definition of abbreviations: ARDS = acute respiratory distress syndrome; CI = confidence interval; HWE = Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium; MAF = minor allele frequency; OR = odds ratio; SNP = single-nucleotide polymorphisms; Syn coding = coding SNP, synonymous; UTR = untranslated region.
A total of 12 SNPs within 10 genes demonstrated an association with ARDS with P values more extreme than 5 × 10−4, assuming an additive model of risk. These SNPs were carried forward for testing in stages II and III. Each SNP is listed with its minor allele in the European population, such that ORs > 1 indicate that the minor allele is the risk allele, and ORs < 1 indicate that the major allele is the risk allele for ARDS. Function refers to the location of the SNP with respect to its annotated gene, and whether the amino acid coding sequence is affected by the single base change. HWE P values are the result of the chi-square statistic testing HWE proportions in stage I.