Table 3.
Factors Associated With Isolated Antibody to Hepatitis B Core Antigen in HIV-1–Infected Pregnant Women
| Parameter | Category | No. | Isolated Anti-HBc (%) | Univariate Analysis |
Multivariate Analysis |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | P Valuea | OR (95% CI) | P Valueb | ||||
| Age at enrollment, y | ≤25 | 725 | 90 (12) | 1.0 | |||
| 26–30 | 569 | 69 (12) | 1.0 (0.7–1.4) | .88 | |||
| 31–35 | 284 | 48 (17) | 1.4 (1.0–2.1) | .06 | |||
| >35 | 104 | 22 (21) | 1.9 (1.1–3.2) | .016 | 1.8 (1.1–2.9) | .029 | |
| Region of birth | Central | 373 | 38 (10) | 1.0 | |||
| Eastern | 256 | 31 (12) | 1.2 (.7–2.0) | .45 | |||
| Northern | 348 | 77 (22) | 2.5 (1.6–3.8) | <.001 | 1.8 (1.3–2.5) | <.001 | |
| Northeastern | 553 | 69 (12) | 1.3 (.8–1.9) | .29 | |||
| Southern | 76 | 3 (4) | .4 (.1–1.2) | .10 | .4 (.1–1.1) | NS | |
| Western | 76 | 11 (14) | 1.5 (.7–3.1) | .28 | |||
| Prior pregnancy | No | 637 | 83 (13) | 1.0 | |||
| Yes | 1041 | 145 (14) | 1.1 (.8–1.4) | .60 | |||
| ALT, IU/L | ≤30 | 1437 | 190 (13) | 1.0 | |||
| 31–60 | 168 | 25 (15) | 1.1 (.7–1.8) | .55 | |||
| >60 | 33 | 7 (21) | 1.8 (.8–4.1) | .19 | |||
| WBC count, cells/μL | >10 000 | 440 | 44 (10) | 1.0 | |||
| 7501–10 000 | 723 | 91 (13) | 1.3 (.9–1.9) | .18 | |||
| 5001–7500 | 442 | 78 (18) | 1.9 (1.3–2.9) | .001 | |||
| ≤5000 | 47 | 10 (21) | 2.4 (1.1–5.2) | .02 | |||
| Absolute lymphocyte count, cells/μL | >2000 | 624 | 74 (12) | 1.0 | |||
| 1501–2000 | 533 | 63 (12) | 1.0 (.7–1.4) | .98 | |||
| 1001–1500 | 349 | 52 (15) | 1.3 (.9–1.9) | .18 | |||
| ≤1000 | 144 | 33 (23) | 2.2 (1.4–3.5) | .001 | |||
| Absolute CD4+ T cell count, cells/μL | >500 | 489 | 44 (9) | 1.0 | |||
| 351–500 | 423 | 43 (10) | 1.1 (.7–1.8) | .55 | |||
| 201–350 | 446 | 65 (15) | 1.7 (1.1–2.6) | .009 | 1.5 (1.1–2.2) | .02 | |
| ≤200 | 313 | 76 (24) | 3.2 (2.2–4.9) | <.001 | 2.8 (2.0–4.0) | <.001 | |
| Absolute CD8+ T-cell count, cells/μL | >1500 | 179 | 21 (12) | 1.0 | |||
| 1001–1500 | 489 | 58 (12) | 1.0 (.6–1.7) | .96 | |||
| 501–1000 | 835 | 119 (14) | 1.3 (.8–2.1) | .38 | |||
| ≤500 | 131 | 24 (18) | 1.7 (.9–3.2) | .11 | |||
| HIV RNA load, log10 copies/μL | Undetectable | 42 | 5 (12) | 1.0 | |||
| 1.18–3.00 | 216 | 23 (11) | .9 (.3–2.5) | .81 | |||
| 3.01–4.00 | 552 | 75 (14) | 1.2 (.4–3.1) | .76 | |||
| 4.01–5.00 | 659 | 85 (13) | 1.1 (.4–2.9) | .85 | |||
| >5.00 | 191 | 38 (20) | 1.8 (.7–5.0) | .23 | |||
| Anti-syphilis antibody | No | 1632 | 220 (13) | 1.0 | |||
| Yes | 17 | 2 (12) | .9 (.2–3.8) | .84 | |||
| Anti-HCV antibody | No | 1584 | 202 (13) | 1.0 | |||
| Yes | 75 | 23 (31) | 3.0 (1.8–5.1) | <.001 | 2.6 (1.5–4.3) | .001 | |
Boldface text indicates significant values (≤.05).
Abbreviations: ALT, alanine aminotransferase; anti-HBc, antibody to hepatitis B core antigen; CI, confidence interval; HCV, hepatitis C virus; HIV-1, human immunodeficiency virus type 1; NS, not significant; OR, odds ratio; WBC, white blood cell.
a Logistic regression analysis was used.
b Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used.