Table 4.
Factors Associated With Occult Hepatitis B Virus Infection in HIV-1–Infected Pregnant Women With Isolated Antibody to Hepatitis B Core Antigen
| Parameters | Category | No. | Occult HBV Infection (%) | Univariate Analysis |
Multivariate Analysis |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | P Valuea | OR (95% CI) | P Valueb | ||||
| Age at enrollment, y | ≤25 | 83 | 20 (24) | 1 | |||
| 26–30 | 57 | 12 (21) | .8 (.4–1.9) | .67 | |||
| 31–35 | 39 | 8 (21) | .8 (.3–2.1) | .66 | |||
| >35 | 21 | 7 (33) | 1.6 (.6–4.4) | .39 | |||
| Region of birth | Central | 29 | 9 (31) | 1 | |||
| Eastern | 27 | 4 (14) | .4 (.1–1.4) | .16 | |||
| Northern | 69 | 18 (26) | .8 (.3–2.0) | .62 | |||
| Northeastern | 62 | 16 (26) | .8 (.3–2.0) | .60 | |||
| Southern | 3 | 0 (0) | … | … | |||
| Western | 10 | 0 (0) | … | … | |||
| Previous pregnancy | No | 75 | 16 (21) | 1 | |||
| Yes | 124 | 31 (25) | 1.2 (.6–2.4) | .56 | |||
| ALT, IU/L | ≤30 | 165 | 42 (25) | 1 | |||
| 31–60 | 22 | 2 (9) | .3 (.1–1.3) | .11 | |||
| >60 | 6 | 2 (33) | 1.5 (.3–8.3) | .67 | |||
| WBC count, cells/μL | >10 000 | 36 | 7 (19) | 1 | |||
| 7501–10 000 | 80 | 17 (21) | 1.1 (.4–3.0) | .82 | |||
| 5001–7500 | 70 | 20 (29) | 1.7 (.6–4.4) | .31 | |||
| ≤5000 | 8 | 2 (25) | 1.4 (.2–8.4) | .73 | |||
| Absolute lymphocyte count, cells/μL | >2000 | 62 | 13 (21) | 1 | |||
| 1501–2000 | 55 | 16 (29) | 1.5 (.7–3.6) | .31 | |||
| 1001–1500 | 45 | 13 (29) | 1.5 (.6–3.7) | .35 | |||
| ≤1000 | 31 | 4 (13) | .6 (.2–1.9) | .35 | |||
| Absolute CD4+ T-cell count, cells/μL | >500 | 40 | 10 (25) | 1 | |||
| 351–500 | 37 | 8 (22) | .8 (.3–2.4) | .73 | |||
| 201–350 | 54 | 15 (28) | 1.2 (.5–2.9) | .76 | |||
| ≤200 | 68 | 14 (21) | .8 (.3–2.0) | .60 | |||
| Absolute CD8+ T-cell count, cells/μL | >1500 | 18 | 7 (39) | 1 | |||
| 1001–1500 | 51 | 9 (18) | .3 (.1–1.0) | .07 | |||
| 501–1000 | 104 | 25 (24) | .5 (.2–1.4) | .19 | |||
| ≤500 | 22 | 5 (23) | .5 (.1–1.8) | .27 | |||
| HIV RNA load, log10 copies/μL | ≤ 3.00 | 24 | 10 (42) | 1 | |||
| 3.01–4.00 | 68 | 18 (26) | .5 (.2–1.3) | .17 | .5 (.2–1.3) | .17 | |
| 4.01–5.00 | 71 | 15 (21) | .4 (.1–1.0) | .05 | .4 (.1–1.0) | .05 | |
| > 5.00 | 34 | 4 (12) | .2 (.05–.7) | .013 | .2 (.05–.7) | .013 | |
| Anti-syphilis antibody | No | 191 | 45 (24) | 1 | |||
| Yes | 2 | 1 (50) | 3.2 (.2–53) | .41 | |||
| Anti-HCV antibody | No | 174 | 39 (22) | 1 | |||
| Yes | 22 | 8 (36) | 2.0 (.8–5.1) | .15 | |||
Boldface text indicates significant values (≤.05).
Abbreviations: ALT, alanine aminotransferase; CI, confidence interval; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus; HIV-1, human immunodeficiency virus type 1; OR, odds ratio; WBC, white blood cell.
a Logistic regression analysis was used.
b Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used.