JJ cells were cultured in hypoxia with CXCL12 (10 ng/mL), AMD3100 (5 μg/mL), or both. (A) VEGFA in media was measured with ELISA. Data are shown as mean ± SD for three replicates. (B) HUVEC were cultured with conditioned media from JJ cells and total length of tubular structures measured after twenty-four hrs. Data are shown as mean ± SD. *, # p<0.001, CXCL12 compared to control, AMD3100 or AMD3100 plus CXCL12 compared to CXCL12 alone.