(A) Triptolide (100 nM) treatment for 24 h decreases HSF1 levels, but ectopic expression of miR-142-3p mimic (5 nM for 24 h) has no effect (as assessed by real-time PCR) in MIA PaCa-2, Capan-1, and S2-013 cell lines. Expression of HSF1 was normalized against 18S. (B) Real-time PCR measurement of miR-142-3p following HSF1 silencing (25 nM for 24 h). Expression of miR-142-3p was normalized against U6. (C) HSF1 ORF transfection causes overexpression of HSF1 expression (as assessed by real-time PCR) in MIA PaCa-2. (D) HSF1 ORF overexpression rescues loss in cell viability caused by triptolide (100 nM for 48 h) overexpression in MIA PaCa-2 cells. The bars represent mean ± SEM, n=3, *p<0.05 (t test). (E) Model of triptolide action in PDAC cells.