Table 6.
Overview of in vivo Punica peel studies for diabetes and its complications.
| Preclinical trial |
in vivo studies | Day/week | Nature of peel extract/dosages (per kg BW/day) |
Outcome | Statistically significant results? | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diabetes | Albino Wistar rats | 28/4 | Aqueous/0.42 g | Lowering of blood sugar level and increased number of β cells | Yes | [47] |
|
| ||||||
| Diabetes | Albino Wistar rats | 10/1.3 | Methanolic/200 mg | Increase of the activities of antioxidant enzymes catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase, and glutathione reductase, in liver and kidney | Yes | [48] |
|
| ||||||
| Diabetes | Albino Wistar rats | 15/2.3 | Methanolic/200 mg | Improvement of hepatic, cardiac, and renal LPO and serum T3, T4, insulin, and glucose concentrations | Yes | [49] |
|
| ||||||
| Hyperlipidemic | Sprague-Dawley rats | 28/7 | Methanolic/5%, 10%, 15% | Reduction of total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides. VLDL-cholesterol H | Yes | [50] |
|
| ||||||
| Diabetes | Albino Wistar rats | 28/7 | Methanolic/10 mg, 20 mg | Increase of the activities of antioxidant enzymes catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase, and glutathione reductase, in liver and kidney | Yes | [50] |
|
| ||||||
| Diabetes | Albino Wistar rats | 42/6 | Methanolic/75 mg and 150 mg | Increase of the activities of antioxidant enzymes catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and decreased LPO level in hippocampal and cortex region of brain | Yes | [8] |
|
| ||||||
| Diabetes | Albino Wistar rats | 21/3 | Methanolic/200 mg and 400 mg | Reduction of aldose reductase, amylase, PTP1B inhibition assay | Yes | [32] |