Figure 10. Signaling pathway dependency of IPS-1-induced HBV RNA reduction and ZAP-S upregulation in hepatocyte-derived cells.

HepG2 (A) or Huh7 (B) cells in 35 mm dishes were cotransfected with 2 µg of plasmid pHBV1.3 (lanes 1–4) and 2 µg of control vector (lane 1), or 1 µg of plasmid expressing IPS-1 (lanes 2–4) plus 1 µg of control vector (lane 2) or 1 µg of plasmid expressing DN-IRF3 (lane 3) or DN-IκBα (lane 4). Cells were harvested 4 days after transfection, and the levels of viral RNA and endogenous ZAP were determined by Northern blot hybridization (upper panel) and Western blot (bottom panel), respectively.