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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Drug Alcohol Depend. 2013 Mar 15;132(0):295–300. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.02.022

Table 2.

Distance to the nearest alcohol outlet and heavy alcohol use at follow-up (between-individual associations).

Heavy alcohol use
Men g Women g
Variable OR 95% CI OR 95% CI
Distance to Beer outlet
All participants
  Remained long a 1 1
  Increased b 0.80 0.62 1.03 0.92 0.81 1.04
  Remained short c 0.92 0.78 1.09 1.06 0.97 1.16
  Decreased d 0.63 0.48 0.84 1.23 1.09 1.40
Incident users
  Remained long a 1 1
  Increased b 0.91 0.65 1.26 0.87 0.74 1.02
  Remained short c 0.91 0.65 1.26 0.98 0.87 1.09
  Decreased d 0.74 0.52 1.04 1.23 1.05 1.44
Distance to Liquor outlet
All participants
  Remained long e 1 1
  Increased f 1.68 0.89 3.15 0.84 0.54 1.31
  Remained short g 1.22 0.91 1.64 1.19 1.00 1.40
  Decreased h 1.03 0.89 1.19 1.17 1.08 1.26
Incident users
  Remained long e 1 1
  Increased f 1.50 0.63 3.59 0.83 0.48 1.44
  Remained short g 1.01 0.67 1.53 1.00 0.79 1.26
  Decreased h 1.14 0.94 1.37 1.13 1.02 1.24
a

≥500m;

b

change from <500m to ≥500m;

c

<500m;

d

change from ≥500m to <500m

e

≥2 km;

f

change from <2 km to ≥2 km;

g

<2 km;

h

change from≥2 km to <2 km

g

Model adjusted for age, SES, marital status, sub-optimal health, and neighborhood disadvantage, population density and number of beer outlets within 1 km zone.