Table 4.

The likelihood of a change in an individual’s heavy alcohol user status following a change in distance to the nearest alcohol (beer or liquor) outlet and a change in the number of beer outlets (within-individual associations) in women.

	Heavy alcohol use, Women
Variable	OR	95%	CI	p-value
Change in distance to a beer outlet (dichotomized)a	1.20	1.03	1.39	0.02
Change in distance to a liquor outlet (dichotomized)a	1.05	0.91	1.22	0.49
Change in beer outlet density (dichotomized)b	1.13	0.96	1.31	0.13
Age	1.27	1.20	1.35	<0.001
Marital status (single)	1.06	0.92	1.22	0.44
Sub-optimal health	1.03	0.91	1.16	0.66
Employment status	0.79	0.69	0.90	<0.001
Population density (per 1 SD)	0.98	0.91	1.06	0.64
Neighbourhood disadvantage (per 1 SD)	1.00	0.90	1.11	0.97
Change in distance to a beer outlet (continuous)c	1.13	1.01	1.27	0.03
Change in distance to a liquor outlet (continuous)c	1.03	0.97	1.09	0.34
Change in beer outlet density (continuous)d	1.06	0.93	1.20	0.39
Age	1.27	1.20	1.35	<0.001
Marital status (single)	0.95	0.83	1.10	0.50
Sub-optimal health e	0.97	0.86	1.09	0.61
Employment status f	1.27	1.12	1.45	<0.001
Population density (per 1 SD)	0.97	0.89	1.05	0.38
Neighbourhood disadvantage (per 1 SD)	1.00	0.90	1.11	0.98

^aDecrease in distance from ≥500 to <500m vs. increase from <500 to ≥500m (beer outlet) or decrease from ≥2 to <2 km vs. increase from <2 km to ≥2 km (liquor outlet)

^bDensity increase from ≤3 to >3 vs. decrease from >3 to ≤3.

^cDecrease in log-transformed distance from 500m to 0m

^dPer one additional outlet within 1 km zone from home

^eSelf-rated health poor or fairly poor

^fLeft the organization between survyes