Table 2.

Morbidity and mortality rates in 709 patients

Complications	No. (percent) of patients
Any complication	326 (46)
Surgical complications	219 (31)
Abdominal fluid collection	149 (21)
Pancreatic fistula	140 (20)
Delayed gastric emptying	60 (8)
Wound infection	54 (8)
Intra-abdominal abscess	43 (6)
Abdominal bleeding	31 (4)
Enteric fistula	21 (3)
Biliary fistula	17 (2)
Gastrointestinal bleeding	12 (2)
Acute pancreatitis	14 (2)
Wound dehiscence	6 (1)
Ileus	3 (1)
Nonsurgical complications	188 (27)
Pneumonia	148 (21)
Sepsis	47 (7)
Pulmonary embolism	35 (5)
Cardiocirculatory failure	32 (5)
Renal failure	28 (4)
Urinary infection	23 (3)
Liver failure	18 (3)
Thrombophlebitis	7 (1)
Death	31 (4)
Reoperation	57 (8)