Table 3.
Health and wellbeing results: Paired t-tests. N = 687.
| Measure | Baseline Mean (SD a) | Follow up Mean (SD) | Mean Difference (SD) | Standard Error of the Mean (SEM) | t value (df c) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| General health | 2.60 b (0.95) | 3.12 b (1.02) | 0.51 (1.07) | 0.41 | 12.34 (675) | <0.001 h |
| Social wellbeing: SWB-6 d | 20.05 (3.16) | 21.82 (4.18) | 1.77 (4.07) | 0.17 | −10.52 (633) | <0.001 h |
| i. Relatedness (community: belonging) | 3.00 (1.16) | 3.32 (1.12) | 0.32 (1.16) | 0.05 | −6.90 (645) | <0.001 h |
| ii. Engagement (community: attending local activities) | 2.99 (1.63) | 3.36 (1.59) | 0.37 (1.55) | 0.06 | −6.07 (648) | <0.001 h |
| iii. Engagement (community: meeting friends & family) | 3.71 (1.08) | 3.91 (0.99) | 0.20 (1.11) | 0.04 | −4.59 (648) | <0.001 h |
| iv. Support (community: local people help) | 3.33 (0.98) | 3.51 (0.99) | 0.02 (1.39) | 0.72 | −4.45 (648) | <0.001 h |
| v. Engagement (intimate: sharing interests & hobbies) | 2.70 (1.13) | 2.72 (1.19) | 0.02 (1.39) | 0.05 | 0.28 (640) | 0.77 j |
| vi. Support (intimate: people care about me) | 4.32 (0.85) | 4.33 (0.89) | 0.01 (1.01) | 0.04 | −0.19 (654) | 0.85 j |
| Mental well-being: life satisfaction | 6.17 (2.40) | 7.01 (2.17) | 0.84 (2.67) | 0.10 | −8.00 (661) | <0.001 h |
| Mental well-being: WEMWBS-7 e | 23.24 (5.24) | 25.52 (4.48) | 2.28 (5.08) | 0.21 | −10.48 (621) | <0.001 h |
| Mental ill health: depression CES-D-7 f | 10.93 (4.83) | 8.94 (2.96) | −1.99 (4.58) | 0.20 | −8.29 (601) | <0.001 i |
| Healthy eating: fruit & vegetable intake | 3.90 (2.18) | 3.54 (2.12) | −0.36 (2.85) | 0.19 | 3.08 (585) | 0.002 i |
| Healthy eating: enjoyment | 3.75 (0.97) | 4.19 (1.01) | 0.44 (1.00) | 0.03 | −9.87 (662) | <0.001 h |
| Healthy eating: importance | 3.76 (0.96) | 4.20 (0.99) | 0.44 (1.20) | 0.05 | −9.233 (668) | <0.001 h |
| Physical activity: GPPAQ g | 1.93 (1.05) | 2.90 (1.12) | 0.97 (1.36) | 0.05 | −18.17 (651) | <0.001 h |
| Physical activity: enjoyment | 3.16 (1.71) | 3.73 (1.15) | 0.56 (1.64) | 0.03 | −8.02 (639) | <0.001 h |
| Physical activity: importance | 3.52 (1.2) | 3.79 (1.18) | 0.27 (1.46) | 0.02 | −2.92 (353) | 0.004 h |
Notes: a SD: Standard Deviation. b Units of value for baseline and follow up scores are derived from 5 point Likert scales where 1 = lowest and 5 = highest. c df: degrees of freedom. d SWB-6: Social Well-being 6 item scale. e WEMWBS-7: Warwick Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale, 7 item scale. f CES-D-7: Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression, 7 item scale. g GPPAQ: General Practitioner Physical Activity Questionnaire. h Significant increase the measure. i Significant reduction in the measure. j No significant change in the measure.