Figure 7.

(A) Metastatic renal cell carcinoma to the left upper lobe, with a larger vessel (4 mm) in close proximity of the metastasis. (B) Following two cycles of ablation, the ice ball and cryo-zone did not grow to an expected size, despite prolonged ablation. It is hypothesized that the vessel adjacent to the nodule and ablation zone may have contributed to a cold sink effect. (C) At 1-month follow-up computed tomography scan, the size of the nodule is smaller but remains nodular. (D) At 5 months the nodule had grown, suggestive of recurrence.