TABLE 1.
The Rab GTPase family: intracellular localization, known pathways, effectors, and related diseases
| Rab Protein | Localization | Membrane Traffic Pathway/Function | Effector Proteins; Related Diseases | Reference Nos. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rab1A | ER, Golgi | ER to Golgi, intra-Golgi | p115/Uso1, GM130, giantin, golgin-84, GCC185, MICAL-1, MICAL COOH-terminal like, JRAB/MICAL-L2, OCRL1, INPP5B, Cog6, GBF1 (Arf1 GEF), Iporin, Chlamydia pneumoniae Inc protein Cpn 0585, Trypanosoma brucei golgin Tbg63 | Localization (19, 322, 373) |
| Rab1B | ER, Golgi | ER to Golgi, intra-Golgi | Effectors (6, 27, 28, 86, 106, 124, 135, 194, 284, 333, 346, 361, 460, 461, 466) | |
| Rab2A | ER, ER-Golgi intermediate compartment, Golgi | ER to Golgi | INPP5B, golgin-45, RIC-19 (Caenorhabditis elegans ortholog of ICA69), PKC iota/lambda, GM130, GAPDH, Drosophila melanogaster germ cell-less homolog 1, GARI, Fam71f2, Fam71b | Localization (66) |
| Rab2B | ER, ER-Golgi intermediate compartment, Golgi | ER to Golgi | Effectors (45, 135, 385, 413, 426, 427, 466) | |
| Rab3A | Secretory vesicles, plasma membrane | Exocytosis, neurotransmitter release | rabin3, RIM1α, RIM2α, granuphilin, Noc2, Munc18-1, rabphilin, INPP5B, SNAP-29, synapsin, polymeric IgA receptor (Rab3b), Gas8 (Rab3b), Zwint-1 (Rab3c), OCRL1; Warburg Micro/Martsolf syndromes (Rab3GAP) | Localization (125) |
| Rab3B | Secretory vesicles, plasma membrane | Exocytosis, neurotransmitter release | ||
| Rab3C | Secretory vesicles, plasma membrane | Exocytosis, neurotransmitter release | Effectors (42, 83, 132, 135, 136, 144, 147, 157, 178, 297, 362, 383, 439, 440, 454, 466) | |
| Rab3D (Rab16) (317) | Secretory vesicles, plasma membrane | Exocytosis, regulated Exocytosis in nonneuronal cells | Disease (4, 5) | |
| Rab4A | Early endosome | Protein recycling/transport to plasma membrane | CD2AP, D-AKAP2, Rabip4, Rabip4=, Rabaptin-5α, Rabaptin-5, Syntaxin 4, Dynein LIC-1, Rab coupling protein (RCP), Rabenosyn-5 | Localization (436, 437) |
| Rab4B | Early endosome | Protein recycling/transport to plasma membrane | Effectors (32, 84, 85, 97, 118, 128, 237, 245, 291, 351, 448) | |
| Rab5A | PM, CCVs, early endosome | Early endosome fusion | EEA1, Rabaptin-5/5β, Rabex-5, Rabenosyn-5, INPP5B, OCRL1, PI3 kinases (hVPS34-p150, p110β-p85α), Rabankyrin-5, APPL1, APPL2, Huntingtin-HAP40, caveolin-1, angiotensin II type 1A receptor, Rabi6p4’ | Localization (66) |
| Rab5B | PM, CCVs, early endosome | Early endosome fusion | ||
| Rab5C | PM, CCVs, early endosome | Early endosome fusion | Effectors (55, 76, 77, 115, 128, 135, 156, 168, 194, 248, 272, 296, 310, 363, 368, 379, 407, 448) | |
| Rab6A | Golgi | Endosome to Golgi, intra-Golgi transport, Golgi to ER | Rab6 interacting protein 1/2A/2B, Cog6, kinesin Rab6-KIFL, GCC185, giantin, OCRL1, ELKS, INPP5B, golgin SCYL1BP1, golgin-97, golgin-245, hVps52 (GARP/VFT complex), dynein light chain DYNLRB1, p150 (Glued) subunit of dynein/dynactin complex, mint3 adaptor protein, Bicaudal-D1/2, VFT complex, golgin Sgm1 (TMF/ARA160); Gerodermia osteodysplastica (golgin SCYL1BP1) | Localization (155, 262) |
| Rab6A′ | Golgi | Endosome to Golgi, intra-Golgi transport, Golgi to ER | ||
| Rab6B | Golgi | Intra-Golgi transport, preferentially expressed in neuronal cells | Effectors (25, 86, 116, 129, 135, 180, 194, 206, 217, 244, 264, 280, 346, 386, 391, 393, 420, 455) | |
| Rab7A | Late endosomes, lysosomes/vacuole, melanosomes, phagosomes | Late endosome to lysosome | Vps 35/29/26 complex (retromer), Rabring7, proteasome alpha-subunit PSMA7, Vps34/p150 PI3-kinase complex, oxysterol binding protein related protein 1, RILP; Charcot-Marie-Tooth | Localization (66) |
| Rab7B | Lysosomes | Late endosome to lysosome | Effectors (57, 107, 108, 113, 212, 277, 292, 405) Disease (447) |
|
| Rab8A | Cell membrane, vesicles, primary cilia | Exocytosis, TGN/RE to plasma membrane | Rabphilin, MICAL-1, MICAL COOH-terminal like, MICAL-L1, JRAB/MICAL-L2, TRIP8b (Rab8b), FIP-2, optineurin, otoferlin, RIM1, RIM2, Noc2, OCRL1, Sro7 (Sec4), cenexin3; Bardet-Biedel syndrome (BBSome), Huntington’s disease | Localization (191) |
| Rab8B | Cell membrane, vesicles | Exocytosis, TGN/RE to plasma membrane | Effectors (69, 132, 135, 136, 159, 175, 179, 355, 475, 480) Disease (290) |
|
| Rab9A | Late endosomes | Endosome to TGN | TIP47, INPP5B, GCC185, PI3P PIKfyve kinase associated protein p40, NdeI, 14-3-3 protein theta, HPS4 | Localization (250, 480) |
| Rab9B | Late endosomes, Golgi | Endosome to TGN | Effectors (1, 60, 114, 135, 172, 199, 224, 334) | |
| Rab10 | Golgi, basolateral sorting endosomes, GLUT4 vesicles | Exocytosis, TGN/RE to plasma membrane | Rim1, MICAL-1, MICAL COOH-terminal like, MICAL-L1, JRAB/MICAL-L2, Chlamydia pneumoniae Inc protein Cpn 0585 | Localization (18, 235, 358, 364) Effectors (86, 132, 135) |
| Rab11A | Golgi, RE, early endosomes | TGN/RE to plasma membrane | Sec15, Rab11-FIP1 to FIP5 [FIP3 3 eferin/arfophilin, FIP5 3 Rip11, FIP1c 3 Rab coupling protein(RCP)], D. melanogaster nuclear fallout, arfophilin-2, myosin Vb, PI4-kinase β, rabphilin-11, Rab6 interacting protein 1, Rabin3, Chlamydia pneumoniae Inc protein Cpn 0585, Sec2 (Ypt31/32), Gyp1 (Ypt32); Huntington’s disease | Localization (336, 429, 432) |
| Rab11B | Golgi, RE, early endosomes | TGN/RE to plasma membrane | Effectors (86, 94, 135, 170, 182, 230, 245, 246, 260, 276, 304, 323, 324, 341, 462, 486, 490) | |
| Rab12 | Golgi, secretory vesicles | Exocytosis | Rab interacting lysosomal protein-like 1 (RILP-L1) | Localization (198, 301) Effectors (135) |
| Rab13 | Cell/tight junctions, TGN, RE | TGN/RE to plasma membrane | MICAL-1, MICAL COOH-terminal like, MICAL-L1, JRAB/MICAL-L2, protein kinase A, INPP5B, OCRL1 | Localization (484) Effectors (135, 229, 421, 475) |
| Rab14 | Golgi, early endosome, GLUT4 vesicles | TGN/RE to plasma membrane; apical membrane targeting | FIP2, RCP, Rip11, D-AKAP2 | Localization (215, 231) Effectors (135, 221) |
| Rab15 | Early/sorting endosome, RE | Sorting endosome/RE to plasma membrane | MICAL-1, MICAL COOH-terminal like, MICAL-L1, JRAB/MICAL-L2, Rab15 effector protein | Localization (496) Effectors (135, 408) |
| Rab17 | RE | Transcytosis | Localization (193, 253, 483) | |
| Rab18 | Golgi, lipid droplets | Lipid droplet formation | Localization (98, 210, 255, 309) | |
| Rab19 | Golgi | Unknown | D-AKAP2, ddGCC88, dGolgin97, Wdr38, oxidative stress-induced growth inhibitor family member 2 (D. melanogaster GRIP domain proteins) | Localization (254, 393) Effectors (135, 393) |
| Rab20 | Golgi, endosome | Apical membrane recycling | INPP5E | Localization (9, 255) Effectors (135) |
| Rab21 | Early endosome | Endosomal transport | α-Integrin subunit | Localization (389) Effectors (314) |
| Rab22A | Early endosome | Endosomal transport, protein recycling to plasma membrane | Rabex-5, EEA1, rabenosyn-5, RAD51, INPP5B, OCRL1, rKIAA1055 | Localization (301) Effectors (115, 135, 218, 220, 278, 493) |
| Rab23 | PM, endosome | Protein recycling/transport to plasma membrane | Carpenter syndrome | Localization (120) Disease (211) |
| Rab24 | ER | Autophagosome formation | COOH-terminal binding protein 1 | Localization (301) Effectors (135) |
| Rab25 | RE | RE (apical) to plasma membrane | Integrin β-1 subunit, FIP2, Rip11; epithelial cancers | Localization (61) Effectors (63, 135) Disease (72, 73) |
| Rab26 | Secretory granules | Exocytosis | RIM1 | Localization (479) Effectors (132) |
| Rab27A | Melanosomes | Exocytosis | Slp1-5, Slac2-a (melanophilin), Slac2-b, granuphilin, MyRIP(Slac2-c), Rim2, Rabphilin, Noc2, Munc13-4, Golga4/p230; Griscelli syndrome | Localization (192, 471, 478) |
| Rab27B | Melanosomes | Exocytosis | Effectors (74, 132, 133, 135–138, 227, 228, 381, 410) | |
| Rab28 | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | |
| Rab28L | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | |
| Rab30 | ER, Golgi | Unknown | Cog4, Golga4/p230, dGCC88, dGolgin97, dGolgin245 (D. melanogaster GRIP domain proteins) | Localization (95, 393, 424) Effectors (135, 393) |
| Rab31 (Rab22B)(317) | TGN, endosome | M6P receptor transport to endosome | OCRL1 | Localization (343) Effectors (344) |
| Rab32 | Mitochondria, melanosomes | TGN to melanosome, mitochondrial fission | Varp/Ankrd27, PKA | Localization (8, 78, 456) Effectors (8, 313, 419) |
| Rab33A | Golgi, dense-core vesicles | Autophagosome formation | ATG16L, GM130, rabaptin-5, rabex-5 | Localization (492) |
| Rab33B | Golgi | Autophagosome formation | Effectors (134, 200, 435) | |
| Rab34 | Golgi, macropinosomes | Intra-Golgi transport, peri-Golgi positioning of lysosome | Hmunc13, RILP, RILP-L1 | Localization (414, 450) Effectors (135, 398, 450) |
| Rab35 | PM, endosome | RE to plasma membrane, actin assembly | MICAL COOH-terminal like, MICAL-L1, MICAL-1, OCRL1, fascin, Centaurin β2 | Localization (225) Effectors (135, 218, 488) |
| Rab36 | Golgi | Unknown | MICAL-1, MICAL-L1, RILP, RILP-L1, GAPCenA, Leprecan | Localization (68) Effectors (135, 218) |
| Rab37 | Secretory granules | Exocytosis | RIM1 | Localization (263) Effectors (132) |
| Rab38 | Melanosomes | TGN to melanosome | Varp/Ankrd27 | Localization (216, 249) Effectors (419) |
| Rab39 | Golgi | Unknown | Caspase-1 | Localization (70) Effectors (29) |
| Rab40A | Golgi, RE | Endosome/intracellular transport | Elongin B/C, Cullin5, D-AKAP2, RILP-L1, RME-8 | Localization (236) |
| Rab40B | Golgi, RE | |||
| Rab40C | Golgi, RE | Effectors (135, 218, 236) | ||
| Rab41 | Golgi | Unknown | Cog6, Golga4/p230, D-AKAP2 | Localization (167) Effectors (135) |
| Rab42 | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | |
| Rab43 | ER, Golgi | ER to Golgi, Shiga toxin transport | Unknown | Localization (98, 131) |
| Rab44 | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | |
| Rab45 | Perinuclear region | Unknown | Unknown | Localization (380) |
ER, endoplasmic reticulum; CCV, clathrin-coated vesicles; TGN, trans-Golgi network; PM, plasma membrane; RE, recycling endosome.