Table 2.

Effectiveness of interventions

Intervention	Incidence reduction/QoL improvement	Source
Oseltamivir
Infection given exposure	30%	Halloran et al, 2007 (11), Hayden et al, 1999 (18), Hayden et al 2000 (16), Welliver et al 2001 (17), Yang et al 2006 (19)
Symptomatic disease given infection	60%	Halloran et al, 2007 (11), Hayden et al, 1999 (18), Hayden et al 2000 (16), Welliver et al 2001 (17), Yang et al 2006 (19)
Symptomatic disease given exposure	72%	Calculated
Infectiousness	62%	Yang et al 2006 (19)
Low-efficacy vaccine
Susceptibility to infection	30%	Longini et al, 2005 (12)
Infectiousness	50%	Longini et al, 2005 (12)
Bronchitis
Children <5 years	52%	Kaiser et al, 2003 (21)
Children 5–18 years	52%	Kaiser et al, 2003 (21)
Low risk younger adults	60%	Kaiser et al, 2003 (21)
High risk younger adults	33%	Kaiser et al, 2003 (21)
Older adults	33%	Kaiser et al, 2003 (21)
Pneumonia
Children <5 years	63%	Kaiser et al, 2003 (21)
Children 5–18 years	63%	Kaiser et al, 2003 (21)
Low risk younger adults	85%	Kaiser et al, 2003 (21)
High risk younger adults	24%	Kaiser et al, 2003 (21)
Older adults	24%	Kaiser et al, 2003 (21)
Otitis media
Children <5 years	62%	Data on file
Influenza deaths (all)	Same as reduction in hospitalisations	Assumption
Influenza hospitalisations
Children	61%	Kaiser et al, 2003 (21)
Low risk younger adults	64%	Kaiser et al, 2003 (21)
High risk younger adults	39%	Kaiser et al, 2003 (21)
Older adults	39%	Kaiser et al, 2003 (21)
QoL improvement (influenza)
Children and low risk younger adults	11%	Data on file
High risk younger adults	4%	Data on file
Older adults	5%	Data on file

QoL=quality of life