FIGURE 2.

Sample movement with associated data. (A) Example of a single left hand movement to the 0° target. Θ indicates the angle of initial direction error. (B) The tangential finger velocity associated with the movement displayed in (A). (C) Elbow torques computed for the movement in (A). The arrow marks the peak net torque, at which time measures of peak torque are taken. (D) Shoulder torques for the movement in (A). The arrow marks peak net torque. The elbow muscle torque is included here as this torque acts symmetrically across the elbow joint and, consequently, must be accounted for at the shoulder. This results in a sign inverted mirror of the elbow muscle torque acting at the shoulder.