Fig. 3.

Relative accuracy of fit of models to the observed data for geographic covariation of woodland star floral traits and Greya moth traits. The observed data are the pattern of geographic covariation in local plant traits compared with local moth traits (plant traits vs. moth traits). The alternative models include either random assignment of individuals to populations or random assignment of individuals only to populations within the larger clade from which they were drawn (e.g., assignment of L. bolanderi moths to plants within the L. heterophyllum, L. cymbalaria, and L. bolanderi clade). Models based on these assignments are called random, local, and structured. Accuracy is defined here as A = 1 − |(observed − expected)/observed|, in which observed = observed value, expected = mean value of a given model, and |x| is the absolute value of the number. The higher the value of A, the higher the accuracy, scaled to a maximum value of 1.