Table 1.
Variables Assessed for an Association With Future Development of Endometrial Cancer
| Variable | Controls (n=172) |
Patients (n=90) |
P * |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aat menopause, y | .24 | ||
| No. of patients | 137 | 86 | |
| Mean (SD) | 49.8 (4.3) | 50.1 (5.2) | |
| BMI, kg/m2† | <.04 | ||
| No. of patients | 168 | 75 | |
| Fewer than 25 | 72 (42.9) | 24 (32) | |
| 25-29.9 | 58 (34.5) | 22 (29.3) | |
| 30-34.9 | 22 (13.1) | 9 (12) | |
| 35 or more | 16 (9.5) | 20 (26.7) | |
| Mean (SD) | 27.2 (6.7) | 30.2 (9.1) | |
| Weight,kg† | <.05 | ||
| No. of patients | 168 | 76 | |
| Mean (SD) | 71.9 (18.2) | 79.4 (24.7) | |
| Type of endometrial sampling† | .03 | ||
| Missing | 11 | 4 | |
| Biopsy | 62 (38.5) | 24 (27.9) | |
| D&C | 99 (61.5) | 62 (72.1) | |
| Use of metformin† | .16 | ||
| Missing | 2 | 4 | |
| No | 167 (98.2) | 81 (94.2) | |
| Yes | 3 (1.8) | 5 (5.8) | |
| Use of ET† | .008 | ||
| No | 165 (95.9) | 78 (86.7) | |
| Yes | 7 (4.1) | 12 (13.3) | |
| Use of tamoxifen† | .08 | ||
| Missing | 1 | 3 | |
| No | 170 (99.4) | 83 (95.4) | |
| Yes | 1 (0.6) | 4 (4.6) | |
| No. of pregnancies† | .06 | ||
| Missing | 1 | 4 | |
| 0 | 25 (14.6) | 20 (23.3) | |
| 1 or more | 146 (85.4) | 66 (76.7) | |
| No. of live births† | .008 | ||
| Missing | 1 | 4 | |
| 0 | 27 (15.8) | 25 (29.1) | |
| 1 or more | 144 (84.2) | 61 (70.9) | |
| Use of OCP† | <.001 | ||
| Missing | 4 | 2 | |
| No | 62 (36.9) | 63 (71.6) | |
| Yes | 106 (63.1) | 25 (28.4) | |
| Use of IUD† | ‡ | ||
| No | 172 (100) | 88 (97.8) | |
| Yes | 0 (0) | 2 (2.2) | |
| Family history of HNPCC-related malignancy†,‡ |
.10 | ||
| No | 148 (86.0) | 70 (77.8) | |
| Yes | 24 (14.0) | 20 (22.2) | |
| Personal history of HNPCC- related malignancy†,§ |
<.03 | ||
| No | 165 (95.9) | 79 (87.8) | |
| Yes | 7 (4.1) | 11 (12.2) | |
| Age at menarche, y | .69 | ||
| No. of patients | 71 | 48 | |
| Mean (SD) | 12.9 (1.4) | 12.8 (1.4) | |
| Age at first live birth, y | .36 | ||
| No. of patients | 135 | 55 | |
| Mean (SD) | 25.8 (4.8) | 24.7 (4.9) | |
| Diabetes mellitus† | .21 | ||
| Missing | 1 | 4 | |
| No | 159 (93.0) | 76 (88.4) | |
| Yes | 12 (7.0) | 10 (11.6) | |
| Hypertension† | .70 | ||
| Missing | 1 | 5 | |
| No | 132 (77.2) | 63 (74.1) | |
| Yes | 39 (22.8) | 22 (25.9) | |
| Menopausal status† | .10 | ||
| Missing | 1 | 2 | |
| No | 92 (53.8) | 40 (45.4) | |
| Yes | 79 (45.2) | 48 (54.6) | |
| Use of COX-2† | .19 | ||
| Missing | 2 | 1 | |
| No | 164 (96.5) | 82 (92.1) | |
| Yes | 6 (3.5) | 7 (7.9) | |
| Smoking status† | .89 | ||
| Missing | 0 | 1 | |
| Never | 110 (64.0) | 56 (62.9) | |
| Past or current | 62 (36.0) | 33 (37.1) | |
| Presence of polyp on histologic evaluation† |
<.001 | ||
| Missing | 2 | 5 | |
| No | 162 (95.3) | 66 (76.7) | |
| Yes | 8 (4.7) | 19 (22.3) |
SD, standard deviation; BMI, body mass index; D&C, dilatation and curettage; ET, estrogen therapy; OCP, oral contraceptive pill; IUD, intrauterine device; HNPCC, hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal COX-2, cyclooxygenase 2.
Data are n(%) unless otherwise specified.
Univariable conditional logistic regression model.
Before or at the time of the index endometrial biopsy or D&C.
P value could not be determined in the conditional analysis because none of the controls used an IUD before or at the time of the endometrial biopsy or D&C.
Family history of HNPCC-related malignancy: at least one first-degree relative with cancer of the pancreas, colon, rectum, endometrium, ovary, small bowel, stomach, biliary tract, or brain and transitional cancers of the urinary tract.
Personal history of HNPCC-related malignancy: personal history of cancer of the pancreas, colon, rectum, ovary, small bowel, stomach, biliary tract, or brain or transitional cancers of the urinary tract. In our series, all patients had colorectal cancer.