Table 3.
Associations of early-infancy to mid-childhood weight gain rate (gender adjusted z-score) with wheeze, eczema, allergic rhinitis and skin prick test results at 6.5 years, in the fully adjusted model †
| Birth weight | Growth 0–3 months | Growth 3–12 months | Growth 12–34 months | Growth 34–60 months | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Outcome | OR1 | 95%CI | P | OR2 | 95%CI | P | OR2 | 95%CI | P | OR2 | 95%CI | P | OR2 | 95%CI | P |
| Wheeze ever | 1.02 | (0.93,1.11) | 0.73 | 1.12 | (1.05,1.19) | <0.01 | 1.05 | (0.99,1.12) | 0.11 | 1.08 | (1.01,1.15) | 0.02 | 1.03 | (0.94,1.13) | 0.49 |
| Wheeze in the last 12 months | 1.13 | (0.97,1.32) | 0.11 | 1.06 | (0.95,1.18) | 0.28 | 1.07 | (0.95,1.19) | 0.26 | 1.08 | (0.97,1.20) | 0.16 | 0.93 | (0.80,1.09) | 0.37 |
| Asthma ever | 1.11 | (0.88,1.40) | 0.38 | 1.12 | (0.95,1.32) | 0.19 | 1.15 | (0.96,1.36) | 0.13 | 1.00 | (0.84,1.18) | 0.95 | 1.01 | (0.80,1.28) | 0.93 |
| Allergic rhinitis ever | 0.96 | (0.85,1.10) | 0.56 | 1.11 | (1.02,1.22) | 0.02 | 1.06 | (0.97,1.17) | 0.21 | 1.08 | (0.99,1.18) | 0.09 | 0.92 | (0.80,1.05) | 0.22 |
| Allergic rhinitis in the last 12 months | 0.97 | (0.84,1.13) | 0.74 | 1.10 | (0.99,1.22) | 0.06 | 1.10 | (0.98,1.22) | 0.10 | 1.06 | (0.96,1.18) | 0.25 | 0.95 | (0.81,1.11) | 0.51 |
| Eczema ever | 1.01 | (0.78,1.31) | 0.93 | 1.10 | (0.92,1.32) | 0.30 | 0.85 | (0.70,1.04) | 0.12 | 0.97 | (0.80,1.18) | 0.76 | 1.04 | (0.78,1.38) | 0.80 |
| Positive skin prick test result | 1.01 | (0.93,1.09) | 0.83 | 1.02 | (0.96,1.08) | 0.48 | 1.04 | (0.98,1.10) | 0.18 | 0.93 | (0.88,0.99) | 0.02 | 1.08 | (1.00,1.17) | 0.05 |
OR1 = odds of outcome per z-score increase in birth weight
OR2= odds of outcome per z-score change in weight gain
†
Adjusted for clustering by clinic; confounders: sex, treatment arm, exclusive breastfeeding at 3 months, parents’ height and weight, mother’s age, family history of atopy and parent’s education and preceding weight and length/height