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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Ann Epidemiol. 2013 May 29;23(7):435–440. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2013.04.010

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Relationships between prenatal care (A), medically induced preterm birth (M), and infant mortality (Y) with measured confounders (C) and unmeasured confounders (U); dashed arrows indicates sources of unmeasured confounding