(A) The expression signal corresponding to NOB1 was significantly higher in high-grade glioma samples compared with low-grade glioma (P = 0.01) and normal brain samples (P<0.001), although the difference between low-grade glioma and normal brain was not statistically significant (P = 0.100). Differences between groups were assessed by one-way ANOVA with the LSD method (*P<0.05). (B) Quantitative RT-PCR showed that NOB1 mRNA was up-regulated in low grade glioma (LGG) and high grade glioma (HGG) tissue samples (P = 0.017 and P = 0.032, respectively) compared with normal brain tissue samples from 7 volunteers. (C) Glioma patients who lived more than 24 months (23 patients, 41.8%) showed decreased NOB1 mRNA expression, whereas patients who lived less than 24 months (32 patients, 58.2%) showed higher NOB1 mRNA expression (P<0.01) regardless of glioma grade. (D) In patients with LGG, those who lived more than 24 months (13 patients, 52%) showed lower NOB1 mRNA expression, whereas those who lived less than 24 months (12 patients, 48%) showed higher NOB1 mRNA expression (P = 0.028). (E) In patients with HGG, those who lived more than 24 months (10 patients, 33%) showed lower NOB1 mRNA expression, whereas those who lived less than 24 months (20 patients, 67%) showed higher NOB1 mRNA expression (P<0.01). The relative expression of NOB1 mRNA in each group was expressed as mean ± SE, and the differences between groups were determined using the Mann-Whitney U test (*P<0.05. **P<0.01).