TABLE 2.
Bivariate and multivariate linear regression associations between F&V consumption, BMI, distance to primary food store, mode of transport, and sociodemographic characteristics in a sample of 1266 respondents from 2 Philadelphia neighborhoods1
| β (95% CI) | ||
| Bivariate association | Multivariable association | |
| Dependent variable: FV consumption | ||
| Distance (km) | 0.04 (−0.00, 0.09) | 0.04 (−0.01, 0.09) |
| Mode of transport | ||
| Multiple modes (reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Car | −0.08 (−0.04, 0.28) | −0.21 (−0.52, 0.09) |
| Public transit | −0.32 (−0.78, 0.12) | −0.19 (−0.60, 0.21) |
| Sex | ||
| Male (reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Female | 0.26 (−0.08, 0.60) | 0.14 (−0.19, 0.46) |
| Race | ||
| White (reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Black | 0.34 (−0.19, 0.86) | 0.22 (−0.28, 0.71) |
| Other | 0.52 (−0.24, 1.29) | 0.55 (0.01, 1.10)* |
| Employment | ||
| Full-time (reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Not full-time | −0.05 (−0.35, 0.25) | −0.10 (−0.37, 0.17) |
| Education | ||
| More than high school (reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| High school or less | −0.21 (−0.60, 0.18) | −0.27 (−0.65, 0.11) |
| Household income | ||
| ≥$40,000 (reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| <$40,000 | 0.31 (−0.01, 0.63) | 0.22 (−0.13, 0.58) |
| Household size (n) | 0.12 (0.34, 0.20)* | 0.18 (0.07, 0.29)* |
| Age (y) | 0.00 (0.00, 0.02)* | 0.02 (0.01, 0.04)* |
| Dependent variable: BMI | ||
| F&V consumption (servings/d) | −0.03 (−0.17, −0.12) | −0.09 (−0.22, 0.03) |
| Distance (km) | 0.02 (−0.10, 0.15) | 0.04 (−0.08, 0.15) |
| Mode of transport | ||
| Multiple modes (reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Car | −0.29 (−1.24, 0.66) | −0.42 (−1.28, 0.45) |
| Public transit | −1.17 (−2.38, 0.04) | −1.22 (−2.29, −0.16)* |
| Sex | ||
| Male (reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Female | 1.94 (1.02, 2.85)* | 1.37 (0.63, 2.12)* |
| Race | ||
| White (reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Black | 4.89 (3.51, 6.27)* | 4.19 (3.36, 5.03)* |
| Other | 3.67 (1.67, 5.67)* | 3.48 (1.78, 5.19)* |
| Employment | ||
| Full-time (reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Not full-time | −0.33 (−1.13, 0.46) | −1.27 (−2.03, −0.50)* |
| Education | ||
| More than high school (reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| High school or less | 1.67 (0.64, 2.67)* | 1.26 (0.05, 2.47)* |
| Household income | ||
| ≥$40,000 (reference) | −0.77 (−1.63, 0.09) | 1.00 |
| <$40,000 | −0.83 (−1.68, 0.02) | |
| Household size (n) | 0.24 (0.02, 0.46)* | 0.31 (0.11, 0.51)* |
| Age (y) | 0.04 (0.01, 0.06)* | 0.04 (0.02, 0.07)* |
1
F&V, fruit and vegetable. *P < 0.05.