Figure 4.
Tc-zen1 RNAi embryos display defects in dorsal closure at high humidity. (a) Width/length ratio (1 = perfect sphere) of control (green squares), wild-type (blue circles), Tc-zen1 RNAi (red triangles) and Tc-chs1 RNAi (purple diamonds) eggs measured in their vitelline membrane using ImageJ [53]. (b–d) Phase contrast images of a 65–75 h old (b) wild-type, (c) Tc-zen1 RNAi and (d) Tc-chs1 RNAi embryo at 90% RH. (e–g) DAPI (blue) label cell nuclei and WGA-FITC [36] (green) label chitin of the larval cuticle in (e) a dorsally closed wild-type embryo, (f) a Tc-zen1 RNAi embryo that has not completed dorsal closure, and (g) a dorsally closed Tc-chs1 RNAi embryo. a, anterior; p, posterior; d, dorsal; v, ventral. In (e), a small piece of vitelline membrane is stuck between the legs. (h) Overview TEM pictures of 65–75 h old wild-type egg during dorsal closure with dorsally condensed serosa. (i) Magnification of area boxed in (h). A layered serosal cuticle can be detected (Sc), but the serosa has condensed dorsally. No epidermal cuticle is found 65 h AEL. H, head; Y, yolk; L, legs; E, embryo; Sc, serosal cuticle; V, vitelline membrane; S, serosa; A, amnion.