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. 2013 May 22;33(21):9003–9012. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0914-13.2013

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

Paternal stress experienced throughout puberty or in adulthood elicited stress dysregulation in offspring. A, B, Both male (A) and female (B) offspring of sires that had been exposed to chronic stress throughout puberty or only in adulthood produced less corticosterone relative to offspring of control sires following a 15 min restraint (shaded column). Total AUC of corticosterone production (shown in the inset) showed a significant decrease in both stress groups relative to controls. An expected sex difference in corticosterone production was observed, with females showing a greater response than males. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. n = 6–9 litters per group. *p < 0.05.