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. 2013 Jul 16;8(7):e70414. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070414

Figure 3. Effect of combining modes of anesthesia on heart physiology.

Figure 3

Four groups were assayed: (1) 60 sec cold anesthesia; (2) 30 sec FlyNap (FN) anesthesia; (3) FlyNap anesthesia immediately followed by cold anesthesia; (4) cold anesthesia immediately followed by FlyNap anesthesia. The following heart parameters are reported: (A–C) total, anterograde and retrograde contraction rate; (D) frequency of heartbeat directional reversals; (E–F) percent time contracting in the anterograde and retrograde directions; (G–H) anterograde and retrograde period lengths. The data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, and when P<0.05 the statistical significances between the cold anesthesia group (R, reference group) and the other groups are denoted using asterisks (Tukey’s multiple comparisons post-hoc test: ns, P>0.05; *, P<0.05; **, P<0.01; ***, P<0.001; ****, P<0.0001). The percentages reported above the columns report the percentage difference between that group and the cold (R) group. Bars denote the standard error of the mean. For all groups, N = 10.